World War I 1914 1918 causes of World

World War I 1914 -1918

causes of World War I n n Underlying causes (the “fuel”): n nationalism n imperialism n militarism n Alliance System Immediate cause (the “spark”): n assassination of Franz Ferdinand (1914) n archduke of Austria. Hungary n set off a chain reaction because of the Alliance System

Central Powers Germany n Austria-Hungary n Ottoman Empire (Turkey) n

Allies (World War I) n n n Britain France Russia Italy n (switched from Central Powers in 1915) United States n (joined the war in 1917)

n devastating weapons were developed as a result of the Industrial Revolution: n machine gun n heavy artillery n mortar n chemicals (poison gas) n flame thrower n grenade n tank n zeppelin n airplane n submarine n torpedo World War I technology

trench warfare n n n warfare where each side sets up fortified trenches that are parallel to one another used extensively during World War I caused a stalemate which resulted in millions of casualties

Russian Revolution n n time period when the Bolsheviks (communists) overthrew the government of the czar (emperor) in 1917 led by Vladimir Lenin Russia became the Soviet Union (USSR) Russia dropped out of World War I

reasons the U. S. entered World War I n n n British propaganda n Lusitania n Zimmerman Telegram Russian Revolution n eliminated the Eastern Front unrestricted submarine warfare

World War I casualties n n soldiers: n 8 million dead n 20 million wounded n called the “Lost Generation” civilians: n 12 million dead

Woodrow Wilson (1856 -1924) U. S. president during World War I n proposed ideas for lasting peace including the League of Nations n

Treaty of Versailles n n officially ended World War I severely punished Germany: n had to accept fault for the war n lost territory n reparations n $33 billion to the Allies n about $400 billion today

Treaty of Versailles n n officially ended World War I severely punished Germany: n had to accept fault for the war n lost territory n reparations n $33 billion to the Allies n about $400 billion today created new nations a major cause of World War II

League of Nations n n n international peacekeeping organization the only of Wilson’s ideas adopted by the Treaty of Versailles U. S. Congress refused to join and adopted a policy of isolationism n made the league weak

Vocabulary Assignment n n Get into groups of two Define all 18 vocabulary words Draw two well detailed pictures (label) Two papers for each group n n n Make 8 cuts on one side Create the flash cards Draw on back

Vocab Assignment n n n n n Nationalism Militarism Alliance system Unification of Germany Trench warfare WWI weapons Zimmerman telegram Isolationism Stalemate n n n n n Unrestricted submarine warfare Propaganda Two-front war Russian Revolution Lenin Communism Treaty of Versailles League of Nations Reparations