WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE South Australian Nuclear Royal

WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE South Australian Nuclear Royal Commission Topic 14: Transportation of Radioactive Materials Case Study – Australian UOC shipment Frank Boulton Class 7 International Pty Ltd Australasian representative for the World Nuclear Transport Institute November 17 th 2015 1

We all enjoy the use of Class 7 materials WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Throughout our daily life we all have access to and can enjoy benefits derived from the application of radioactive and nuclear materials across the: § health and medical industry § manufacturing, engineering, construction related industries § electric power generation industry Class 7 is simply one of nine classes of Dangerous Goods 2

Framework for the transport of radioactive materials WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Governed by a stringent regulatory regime involving standards, codes and regulations § continuously revised and updated over the past five decades UN adopts the IAEA guidance on the Transport of Dangerous Goods § the IAEA Transport Regulations for RAM apply almost everywhere in the world § a set of recommended regulatory standards covering international transport activities involving RAM Supplementary guidance documents contain advisory and explanatory material § describing the reason for the regulations, their purpose along with information explaining how to comply with the regulations Additional guidance documents provide practical advice about § transport management systems and plans and response to transport incidents § development of radiation protection programs, and compliance assurance programmes 3

Assessment of material to be transported WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Material to be transported ISO with drums Material to be transported Quantity of material in the package kg 18, 000 Is the material radioactive (above 1 Bq/g) YES Largest cross-sectional area of package in square metres 15. 74 Does the 10 times transport exemption apply? NO ppm Th. O 2 48, 000 Is the consignment an Excepted Package (para. 516) NO ppm U 2, 300 Total Activity Th 232 (and 10 decay products) (Bq/g) 2000. 0 Max gamma dose rate* at surface (u. Sv/h) 81. 30 Total Activity U (and 14 decay products) (Bq/g) 402. 5 Max gamma dose rate* at 1 m (u. Sv/h) 37. 40 Total Activity U and Th plus decay products (Bq/g) 2402. 5 Material contains natural Uranium and Thorium (YES / NO) YES TI Multiplication Factor from Table 7 3 Activity in Th 232 decay chain (Bq/g) 200. 0 Transport Index 11. 2 Activity in U 238 decay chain (Bq/g) 28. 8 Does the TI of the package call for “exclusive use” YES Activity in U 235 decay chain (Bq/g) 1. 15 Category of package as per table 8 Weighted avg of U and Th (Head of chain) Bq/g 228. 8 Transport exemption (10* factor) 22. 88 YES Is the material LSA-1 (para. 409) Description III YELLOW bq/gm ppm U ppm Th Radioactive material limit 1 80 240 Transport Exemption limit 10 800 2400 *The above gamma dose rates have been estimated using first principles based on a 20 foot ISO shipping container having dimensions of 6 m x 2. 4 m loaded with 20 tonnes of material. As such these measurements MUST be confirmed by in field measurements 4

Filling of drums WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 5

Detailed manifest information WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Comprises detailed drum and batch related information for each shipping container § details in green flow through to summarised delivery and container packing list manifest also provides radiation dose rate information for each drum 6

Detailed manifest information WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Provides a singular overview of the total quantity of RAM packed in each shipping container § information in green flows to the Multimodal DG form, yellow for safeguards transfer the manifest also provides radiation dose rate information per shipping container 7

Securing of drums in shipping containers WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 8

Some examples of container packing WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 205 litre re-sealable steel drums secured in 20’ ISO containers shipped as full container loads under exclusive use 9

Inspection of shipping containers pre and post packing WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Container inspection is an important process § exacerbated by increased focus on Convention for Safe Containers (CSC) compliance and United States Customs Trade Protection Against Terrorism (C-TPAT) requirements § addresses IMDG multimodal requirements and obligations 10

Straight forward safeguards and export approval processes WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Apply for ASNO safeguards transfer of RAM § simple form, by email Apply for DIS export of strategic commodity § simple spreadsheet format, by email Receive approvals from both parties § notification by email Lodge export declaration with ACS § standard customs cargo clearance, lodged electronically Notify safeguards after vessel departs with cargo on board § simple email, then track and monitor through to final destination § safeguards reconciliation following agreement of assay exchange 11

Multimodal Dangerous Goods Form WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Form covers all road, rail and ocean transport Delivery information § standardised shipping details DG, Hazmat related information § includes emergency and incident response Packing declaration § legally enforceable document 12

Stowage on vessel 13

Vessel departs WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 14

Monitoring of cargo from mine site to final overseas destination WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE tracking and tracing of cargo is monitored by Consignor reporting to ASNO 15

Minor scrape of container packed with UOC WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE Bumps and scrapes often occur during temporary in-transit storage 16

Damage to container packed with UOC WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 17

Damage to container packed with UOC WORLD NUCLEAR TRANSPORT INSTITUTE 18