World Geography Chapter 2 Earth in Space Chapter
- Slides: 21
World Geography Chapter 2: “Earth in Space”
Chapter 2 l In this chapter we will discuss: l The Solar System l The Earth and Sun Relationships l The Earth System
Section 1: The Solar System l Stars: most stars are grouped together in large clusters called galaxies. l The Milky Way is the galaxy in which we live in.
The Planets l The Sun and the group of bodies that orbit around it are calld the solar system. l There are four inner planets and four outer planets now.
The four inner planets l The inner planets (in order) are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. l They are terrestrial: l Meaning that they have a solid rocky surface.
The four outer planets l These planets are much larger and further from the Sun. The four outer planets (in order) are: Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus.
What happened to… l Pluto? What happened to Pluto? Or…
Pluto Activity l Directions: l On the worksheet, you will be given a link about Pluto, disregard it. l To find the answers to the questions research on yahoo news, cnn. com, or an encylopedia website.
The Sun l l The Sun is a star. The Sun, Earth, and the moon all exert gravitational forces on one another that influence the rise and fall of ocean tides.
Earth Rotation – imagine that Earth has a rod connecting the two poles. The Earth “spins” and one complete spin is called a revolution. l Revolution – Earth makes 1 revolution every 365 ¼ days. Why the ¼ ? l Tilt – The Earth’s tilt will affect the seasons and changes in weather. l
Section 2 l Earth – Sun Relationships l Solstices – the time that Earth’s poles point at their greatest angle toward or away from the Sun is called a solstice. l Equinox – Earth’s poles are not pointed toward or away from Sun
Seasons l Based on the Sun’s direct rays on the position in Earth (see p. 30), the seasons, solstices, and equinox’s occur.
Map portion for Chapter 2 Test
Section 3 These four spheres make up the Earth’s environments, or surroundings. So how are the four spheres related? Biosphere Atmosphere Earth System Lithosphere Hydrosphere
The Earth System l Atmosphere – the envelope of gases that surround the Earth (about 78% of Earth’s gases are made up of Nitrogen). l Protects radiation the Earth from the Sun’s harmful
Earth System cont. l Lithosphere – the solid crust of the planet.
Earth System cont. l Hydrosphere – all of the Earth’s water. About 70 percent of the Earth’s surface is covered by water.
Earth System cont. l Biosphere – the part of the Earth that includes all life forms (human, plant, Pauly Shore in animal, etc. ) Bio Domeworst movie ever!
Arctic Circle, 66. 5 degrees North of the Equator. An Antarctic Circle, 66. 5 degrees Ant South of the Equator.
Chapter 2 Test l What you need to know: l 1. Maps with all continents, oceans, tropics, circles, equator, meridians, etc. l 2. A short answer (essay) question over the 4 spheres of the Earth System and how they are inter- related. l 3. The Solar System with 8 planets in order from distance to the Sun. l 4. Your chapter 2 Packets (key terms and concepts). l 5. Current Events including Changes to Pluto and September 11 th.