Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the

Workshop on Phase 3 Reformulated Gasoline and the Predictive Model September 28, 1999 Sacramento, CA

Agenda • • • Goals Test Program - Update EMFAC 99 -vs- EMFAC 7 g - Progress Report Off-Cycle Off-Road CO Credit In-Use Fuel Properties for 1998 Draft Specifications Ca. RBOB Other Presentations? – – • Autos Oils Oxygenate Others Next Meeting

Goals • Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while preserving real-world benefits • Obtain additional reductions that are technically and economically reasonable

Advanced Technology Vehicles Test Program • 5 Fuels – Sulfur Levels - 5, 30 , 100 – Oxygen Levels - 0%, 2%, 3. 5% – Update Technology Group 5 Coefficients • Update on Progress

Off-Cycle Adjustments • Only one study compared two oxygen levels (2%, 3. 5%) on FTP and Rep 05 - ARB Ethanol Test Program. • Increase CO reduction • Increase NOx increase

Off-Road • 4 -Stroke and 2 -Stroke • Tend to Run Rich – Oxygen tends to lean-out process – Oxygen increases NOx • No Catalytic Converter – Implies NOx increase difficult to offset. – No sulfur effect • Uncontrolled for Evaporative Emissions – Increased Emissions – Emissions tend to have higher reactivities – Increased toxics (benzene) emissions

Off-Road • Very thin on data on 2% to 3. 5% oxygen – 4 4 -stroke engines – 4 2 -stroke engines • Highly variable exhaust responses – NOx: 2. 9 to 39. 2 % – CO: -1. 3 to -32. 1 % – HC: 0. 7 to -14. 5 % • EPA Off-road Diurnal Evaporative Emissions Model

Off-Road • No apparent benefit from off-road evaluation – Diurnal emission increase larger than on-road – Reactivity from SHED diurnal evaporative emissions test - 2. 8 – Diurnal emissions reactivity larger than onroad – Apparent NOx increase • Work in progress.

Carbon Monoxide Credit • 3 Technology Groups – 5 Studies - Auto/Oil 1, 4, 6, 17, and ARB Ethanol Study – Only ARB Ethanol Study Directly Compared Fuels • Off-cycle Emissions – 5 Studies - ARB Ethanol, Auto/Oil, ATL Low Oxygen, and Colorado Study (? ? ? ) • U. S. EPA Draft Report - Fuel Oxygen Effects on Exhaust CO Emissions - MOBILE 6 • Approximately 0. 2 RVP Credit for increasing oxygen from 2% to 3. 5%

Adjustments to CO Debit for Less than 2% Oxygen • US EPA - Fuel Sulfur Effects on Exhaust Emissions. • Unocal - Regression Equations (Phase 2 Staff Report).

In-Use Fuels

Goals • Provide Flexibility, for removing MTBE while preserving real-world benefits • Obtain additional reductions that are technically and economically reasonable

Draft Specifications

Draft Specifications * - No Change, NA - Not Applicable

Ca. RBOB • Tom Jennings, ARB Legal • Others

Presentations by Others? • • Autos Oils Oxygenates Others

Next Business • Other business • Next Meeting • Posting Next Beta Model on Website