WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE Bureau of Workers Compensation PA
WORKPLACE SAFETY COMMITTEE Bureau of Workers’ Compensation PA Training for Health & Safety (PATHS) For SCHOOLS Initial & Re-Certification Training PPT-099 -01 1
Technical Assistance Manual www. dli. pa. gov Click on “Individuals” Click on “Workers’ Compensation” Click on “Workplace Safety Committees” – on the right hand side Click on “Workplace Safety Committee Technical Assistance Manual” PPT-099 -01 2
Hand. S Tech Manual Sample Programs found on following pages: Safety Committee Compliance Checklist Sample Bylaws Sample Safety Policy Sample Meeting Agenda Sample Meeting Minutes 49 51 54 55 56 Sample Training Documentation Sample Incident Investigation Report PPE Program Checklist Workplace Inspection Checklist Safety Orientation 57 58 -60 61 -67 68 -74 75 PPT-099 -01 3
Learning Objectives Understand the role and functionality of a safety committee Understand basic hazard detection and inspection methods Understand (and apply) basic incident investigation techniques Gain basic awareness of how drug & alcohol abuse/addiction impacts the workplace PPT-099 -01 4
Program Purpose • Educate new committee members • Refresher training for existing members • Most important: Help prevent incidents & illnesses in the workplace! PPT-099 -01 5
2010 Fiscal Code Bill • Signed into law with the FY 2010 -11 budget • Requires certain school districts to form and maintain certified Workplace Safety Committees by June 30, 2011 (Previous date was December 31, 2010) • Applies only to school districts • Does not apply to Intermediate Units, vocational schools, or private schools • Does not apply to self-insured school districts PPT-099 -01 6
Hidden Costs of Accidents • Total Costs = Direct + Indirect Expenses • Direct (insured) = e. g. wage loss, medical • Indirect (uninsured, cost to company) = e. g. downtime, property damage, morale of injured worker and others in department, hiring, training, possible OSHA citations PPT-099 -01 7
Workplace Safety Committees Role and Functionality PPT-099 -01 8
Safety Committee Purpose • • • Improve safety & health in the workplace Involve employees in the safety function Generate ideas for improving safety & health Improve employee/management relations Stimulate interest among employees PPT-099 -01 9
Safety Committee Pitfalls • Busy supervisors can refer problems to the Committee they should solve themselves • Only a small percentage of employees participate on the Committee • Timeframe from when problem discovered to meeting may be lengthy PPT-099 -01 10
Safety Committee Pitfalls • Members may not be qualified to handle complex issues and may only address superficial problems • Recommendations may be expensive or time consuming and as a result may be overlooked • May create large workloads for the “management representative” if only identification of hazards occur PPT-099 -01 11
Safety Committee Authority Extent should be determined and communicated to all employees; e. g. : ü ü Empowered and endorsed by top administrators Acts as a recommending body Investigate incidents Implement changes PPT-099 -01 12
Safety Committee Structure Single - One workplace, one committee Centralized – More than one workplace → One committee in a central location with representation for each outlying workplace location Multiple - More than one workplace → Separate individual committees at each workplace PPT-099 -01 13
Safety Committee Structure Committee Member Composition - Minimum of 2 employer and 2 employee representatives - Number of employer representatives CANNOT exceed number of employee representatives - Quorum = 1/2 Plus 1 PPT-099 -01 14
Safety Committee Structure Committee Members Employer – Authority to do one or more: ▪ Select or hire an employee ▪ Remove or terminate an employee ▪ Direct the manner of employee performance ▪ Control the employee Employee – Does not possess any authority or responsibility described for the Employer A person cannot function as both of the above PPT-099 -01 15
Safety Committee Function • Purpose: to detect hazards and prevent incidents & illnesses • Must have formal (documented) monthly meetings with Agenda & Minutes: - Review & update safety training - Develop safety work practices - Recommend use of safety equipment/devices - Incident report reviews - Action items from reports & safety inspections - Avenue for employee safety-related issues PPT-099 -01 16
Members’ Responsibilities • Attend meetings • Notify all employees in your area that you are their representative on the Committee • Be watchful for unsafe conditions and acts and report them • Be responsive to people’s concerns; follow up • Ask employees for safety suggestions and concerns • Discuss safety issues with employees • Offer solutions not just problems PPT-099 -01 17
Managements’ Responsibilities • Provide support (time, effort, money) • Resolve scheduling and personal conflicts • Provide realistic dates for correcting safety and health concerns • Support training for Committee members • Provide leadership and direction • Attend Committee meetings PPT-099 -01 18
Managements’ Responsibilities • Promote positive effects of Committee activities on individual basis or at group meetings • Respond to recommendations in a timely manner • Promote safety within the organization PPT-099 -01 19
Employees’ Responsibilities • Identify safety and health hazards • Report all unsafe conditions and practices • Make suggestions for improving workplace safety • Participate in Committee activities/initiatives • Follow safe practices/procedures • Cooperate with Committee members • Consider becoming a Committee member PPT-099 -01 20
Committee Chairperson • Accountable to top management • Sets the agenda • Coordinates meetings • Facilitates meetings • Ensures agenda is followed • Ensures everyone is heard PPT-099 -01 21
Committee Chairperson Options: • Safety person serves as Chairperson • Management and union co-chairs • Rotating Chairperson (yearly; each meeting) PPT-099 -01 22
Safety Committee Certification Can be done on-line using Hand. S system • Initial certification: - After 6 months of functional committee operation - Within 30 -90 days of insurance policy renewal -Submit Form LIBC-372 • Annual re-certification: - Within 15 -90 days of insurance policy renewal - Submit Form LIBC-372 R PPT-099 -01 23
Hand. S Health and Safety Division’s online processing system PPT-099 -01 24
Accessing the Hand. S System Go to our website www. dli. pa. gov 1. Click “Individuals” 2. Then click “Workers’ Compensation” 3. Then click “Hand. S System” PPT-099 -01 25
“Review”/Audit Overview • Random/Target Audits • 30 day notification • Opening conference • Table top “on-site” audit • Information verification • Closing conference ◦ Issue Compliance/Non-compliance Rating (Preliminary) ◦ Non-Compliance issues explained PPT-099 -01 26
Successful Safety Committees • Competent -- dedicated • Support goals & objectives • Demonstrate team effort • Develop mutual trust, respect & support PPT-099 -01 27
Objectives should be: 1. Set as part of your planning process. 2. Worded clearly. 3. Must be realistic. 4. Must be under the responsible person’s influence or control. 5. Must be assigned to someone. 6. Completion dates must be established for each objective. PPT-099 -01 28
Workplace Safety Committees No! Hazard Detection and Identification Safe Storage of the Acetylene Cylinder? PPT-099 -01 29
Hazard Detection & Identification • The following list shows the main ways to identify hazards: → Walkthrough Surveys → → → Inspection Checklists Past Records Incident Investigations Consultation Documentation PPT-099 -01 30
Risk vs. Hazard Risk: Someone or something that creates or suggests a hazard. Hazard: Source of danger; chance or risk. PPT-099 -01 31
Purpose of Safety Inspections • Identify potential hazards so they are corrected before an injury occurs • Implement or improve safety programs • Increase safety awareness • Display concern for workers’ safety • Communicate safety standards of performance PPT-099 -01 32
Inspection vs. Audit Are you AUDITING or INSPECTING? Safety Inspections examine physical facilities – looking for unsafe conditions, unsafe acts, housekeeping issues, etc. Safety Audits examine procedures & policies PPT-099 -01 33
Hazard Detection & Inspection • What is a hazard? • What should I look for? • What standards do I reference? • How do I perform the inspection? • How do I document the inspection? PPT-099 -01 34
What is a Hazard? An act or a condition in the workplace that has the potential to cause injury, illness, or death to a person and/or damage to company property, equipment and materials PPT-099 -01 35
What to Look for High Hazard Areas: Equipment and operations that involve energy transfer including: chemical, mechanical, pneumatic, physical, electrical, gravitational, etc. (Unsafe Conditions) Procedures and behaviors, including: Use of protective equipment, safe operating speeds, following proper procedures, horseplay, inattentive behavior, etc. (Unsafe Acts) PPT-099 -01 36
Hazard Tracking Log HAZARD TRACKING LOG II >> Incident Investigation Corrective Action P >> Program Audit Corrective Action I >> Department Inspection Corrective Action E >> Employee Suggestions S >> Safety Committee Suggestions O >> Other N >> Near Miss Item Tracking yy-# MM/DD/YYYY Incident Date Owner of Action Item Category Code (see above) Safety Issue Building Safety Coordinator Date: Target Completion Date PPT-099 -01 Actual Completion Date Status Open "O" Closed "C" Notes Comments Corrective Action 37
Standards to Reference • OSHA - Federal Regulations (29 CFR 1910) - Available at www. osha. gov • PA Department of Labor & Industry – www. dli. state. pa. us • PA Department of Environmental Protection – www. depweb. state. pa. us/portal/server. pt • Other technical standards (NFPA, ANSI, ASTM, ASME, etc. ) – get help if necessary! PPT-099 -01 38
How to Conduct an Inspection: • Observe processes, equipment, and work locations for unsafe conditions • Obtain comments and suggestions from employees • Review Records such as training, Safety Data Sheets, Incident Reports, etc. • Formulate recommendations • Report findings to management • Follow-up for implementation PPT-099 -01 39
Any Problems Here? Exit/fire doors chained shut Combustibles (paper) over wired glass PPT-099 -01 40
What About Here? Clutter PPT-099 -01 41
Is this Okay? Snow around railing NO! Steps not cleared Ice on steps PPT-099 -01 42
What About This? How much damage and/or injury can clutter cause? PPT-099 -01 43
Any Issues Here? Improper lifting-could cause injury PPT-099 -01 44
What About Here? Individual standing on wrong side of the yellow line. Students not paying attention. PPT-099 -01 45
Do you see any Problems? Fire extinguisher and fire alarm blocked/obstructed Blue indicator light above fire extinguisher cabinet not lit Moving dolly stored poorly – could fall on someone PPT-099 -01 46
How to Document the Inspection In Writing, In Writing! • Email…… • Checklists………. • Memorandums………. • Written inspection reports………. . PPT-099 -01 Safety Inspections 47
Safety Inspection Checklist PPT-099 -01 48
Workplace Safety Committees Incident Investigation and Reporting PPT-099 -01 49
Incident Ratio Model Most Incident Investigations Conducted 1 29 Minor Injury Few Investigations Conducted 300 Near Miss Death or Serious Injury Bi in gg ju es ry t ca per us ce in nt g ag po e te of nt ia l! 3, 000 Unsafe Acts, Behaviors or Conditions PPT-099 -01 50
Near Miss - is an unplanned event that did not result in injury, illness, or damage – but had the potential to do so. Only a fortunate break in the chain of events prevented an injury, fatality or damage PPT-099 -01 51
What Is A Near Miss? • Opportunity to improve safety practice based on condition or incident with potential for more serious consequence. • In this definition, “incident” or “condition” is anything a witness views worthy of addressing to eliminate potential to cause harm. PPT-099 -01 52
Why Report A Near Miss? • Reporting a near miss helps to establish and continue safe practices within the workplace. • Information provided enables an employer to communicate facts, causes and corrective actions to all employees regarding near misses. • Provides valuable information to employees about how to avoid/prevent future incidents and injuries. • Provides opportunity to improve safety, health, environment and security of operation. PPT-099 -01 53
Why Report A Near Miss? • • Reduces tolerance for risk. Avoids complacency. Provides a tool to identify workplace hazards. Allows employee involvement in safety program. • Demonstrates management’s commitment to safety. • Allows identification of possible trends. PPT-099 -01 54
Near Miss • Employees need to feel comfortable reporting near misses. • Employees should not fear disciplinary or peer pressure by reporting. action • Organization’s safety culture is such that reporting a near miss is important and necessary. PPT-099 -01 55
Near Miss Near misses also have a cause and effect What would you say was the cause of this? What might be the effect? What changes would you make? PPT-099 -01 56
Near Miss How would you prevent this from becoming an incident? PPT-099 -01 57
Near Miss Resolution • Not only important to resolve near misses to ensure potential incidents do not occur, but also essential to success of near-miss program. • If employees don’t think near misses are acted upon, they will not report in the future. • Resolutions should be promoted and tracked. PPT-099 -01 58
Employee Training • • What is a near miss and how to identify Why near misses are important Role in reporting near miss Near-miss management team members Near-miss reporting process How to report a near miss How to get help with near-miss/safety issues PPT-099 -01 59
Incident Investigation & Reporting • What is an incident? • What are the causes of an incident? • How do I investigate an incident? • What should I put in my report? • What’s next? PPT-099 -01 60
Incident Investigation & Reporting What is an incident? An uncontrolled and/or unplanned release of energy that causes or contributes to illness, injury, death and/or damage to property, equipment, or materials. All incidents have a cause and effect! PPT-099 -01 61
Incident Investigation & Reporting What are the causes of an incident? There are two basic causes of incidents: Unsafe Acts and Unsafe Conditions PPT-099 -01 62
Unsafe Acts vs. Unsafe Conditions • Behaviors - Account for the vast majority of injuries • Won’t • Encourage & Enforce • Environment – Represent only a small fraction of injuries • Can’t • Recognize & Remedy PPT-099 -01 63
Unsafe Acts - Unsafe Conditions • • • Inadequate Ventilation • Operating at Improper Speed Failure to Warn • Congested Area Defective Tools, Equipment or Materials Inadequate Guards Horseplay • Noise Exposure Using Defective Equipment • Improper Lifting • Inadequate PPE • Removing Safety Devices (Adapted from Bird & Germain, 1985) PPT-099 -01 64
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? Act: Didn’t pay attention to wet floor warning Condition: Electrical Panels Blocked/Obstructed PPT-099 -01 65
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? Condition: Exit blocked/obstructed Fire extinguisher missing (below fire extinguisher sign) PPT-099 -01 66
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? ACT File drawer overloaded Not secured to prevent tipping Opened too far PPT-099 -01 67
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? Act: Unsafe use of step ladder (not opened fully; wide step to scaffold) Fall protection on scaffold? If above 4’ in general industry, 6’ construction PPT-099 -01 68
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? Condition Unsecured compressed gas cylinders Small cylinder too close to electrical panel (should be 3’ of clearance in front) PPT-099 -01 69
Unsafe Act or Unsafe Condition? Act Unsafe ladder set-up/use PPT-099 -01 70
Incident Investigation • Review all reported incidents causing injury, damage or a “near miss” • What happened • Identify the root cause • Recommend corrective measures PPT-099 -01 71
Who Should do the Investigation? • First Line supervisor • Safety Committee • Safety Director/Safety Person • All of the above • A combination of the above PPT-099 -01 72
Incident Investigation & Reporting HOW DO I INVESTIGATE AN INCIDENT? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Call for first aid/emergency response Survey the Scene/Secure the scene Photograph the scene Interview witnesses Collect physical evidence Follow Up PPT-099 -01 73
Investigation “Go Bag” Some suggestions: üCamera üFlashlight üTape Measure üSurgical Gloves üNecessary PPE üNote Pad/Tablet ü“Sticky Notes” üPens PPT-099 -01 74
Goal of the investigation IS NOT TO: • Exonerate individuals or management • Satisfy insurance requirements • Defend a position for legal argument • Assign blame Remember, fact finding not fault finding PPT-099 -01 75
Photographs • Why are photographs so important – Support facts – Document scene – Become the “eyes” for people not in the field – May be required if litigated PPT-099 -01 76
Photo or Video What Do You Photograph or Videotape? • Defects and Hazards • Unusual Conditions • Conditions that differ from what the employee describes • Areas or furniture in need of maintenance • Housekeeping issues PPT-099 -01 77
Interviewing Victims & Witnesses • Interview as soon as possible after the incident • Do not interrupt medical care to interview • Interview each person separately • Do not allow witnesses to confer prior to interview PPT-099 -01 78
The Interview • Put the person at ease • People may be reluctant to discuss the incident particularly if they think someone will get in trouble • Reassure them that this is a fact finding only process • Remind them these facts will be used to prevent a recurrence of the incident PPT-099 -01 79
The Interview • Take notes! • Do not make suggestions: – If the person is stumbling over a word or concept, do not help them out. • Ask open ended questions: – What did you see? – What happened? PPT-099 -01 80
The Interview • Summarize what you have been told – Correct misunderstandings of the events between you and the witness • Ask the witness/victim for recommendations to prevent recurrence – These people will often have the best solution to the problem PPT-099 -01 81
Incident Investigation & Reporting WHAT SHOULD I PUT IN MY REPORT? 1. All the facts, statements, documents, photos, etc. that were obtained during the investigation 2. Remember, no opinions (e. g. “I think that, I believe that”…) 3. Analysis of the cause 4. Corrective actions PPT-099 -01 82
Corrective Action • Told to be more careful • Explained safety rule on lifting • Instructed employee to read Safety Data Sheet (SDS) • Had co-worker review proper procedures ARE THESE EFFECTIVE MEANS OF CORRECTIVE ACTION? WHAT DO YOU THINK? Hint: Not really! These actions do not really correct anything. PPT-099 -01 83
Good Corrective Action • Met with employee to discuss incident and reviewed proper procedures and then. . . • Observed employee perform the procedure • Showed employee SDS, reviewed how to interpret; use of appropriate PPE • Checked for understanding • Plan to discuss the incident with all employees in the department at the next meeting PPT-099 -01 84
Incident Investigation & Reporting What’s next? Follow-up! Ensure that corrective actions are being implemented. PPT-099 -01 85
Incident Investigation - Summary • Incident Investigations – First Aid & Emergency Response – Secure Scene – Photograph/Document Scene – Interviews/Statements – Review Records – Prepare a Report: • Include Causes & Effects • Include Corrective Actions – Follow-up! PPT-099 -01 86
Root Cause(s) The Root Cause is the initiating event. Take that away and the sequence of events that follows does not happen Root Cause What is the initiating event in this picture? PPT-099 -01 87
WEED OUT THE CAUSES OF INJURIES AND ILLNESSES Strains Burns Ung Cuts uard ed m ach play Horse ine Conditions Broke n too ls Chemic al spill Defectiv e PPE Untrained worker Lack of time Too much work azard Create a h hazard Ignore a rt injury o p e r o Fails to inspect Inadequate training plan No accountability policy Surface Causes of the Accident Behaviors Fails to enforce Fails to train Inadequate training No discipline procedures No orientation process DIRECT CAUSES OF INJURY/ILLNESS No recognition Inadequate labeling procedures Outdated Procedures No recognition plan No inspection policy PPT-057 -01 PPT-099 -01 Root Causes of the 86 Incident 88
Drug-Free Workplaces in PA Employee Substance Abuse Awareness & Prevention (ESAAP) PPT-099 -01 89
The Unseen Reality Think PA’s workplaces are drug free? Think again. • 75% of drug users are employed • Almost one in ten employees has a substance abuse problem • 24% of workers admit to drinking during the workday at least once in the past year • 15% of U. S. workers report using alcohol or being impaired on the job in the past year PPT-099 -01 90
The Cost of Substance Abuse • Increased Health Care Costs • Increased Workers’ Compensation Premiums • Increased Workplace Violence PPT-099 -01 91
Substance Abuse • Individuals who abuse drugs or alcohol are three and a half times more likely to be involved in a workplace incident compared to individuals who do not abuse drugs or alcohol • 47% of industrial injuries are directly related to alcohol abuse or alcoholism PPT-099 -01 92
Reasons for Not Implementing ESAAPs • Substance abuse is not a problem • Insufficient time to develop & maintain a policy • The policy would be too costly • Too much uncertainty about liability • Lack of information REALITY = PPT-099 -01 93
Incentive to Implement ESAAPs • Only 1 out of every 5 Pennsylvania employers plans to address substance abuse in the workplace. • The number increased to 2 out of every 3 when workers’ compensation premium discounts were mentioned. * *While PA presently has no provisions for granting financial consideration for implementing an ESAAP, this may be legislatively addressed in the future PPT-099 -01 94
ESAAP is an Effective Solution • Southern Pacific Railroad reports after they implemented an ESAAP incidents dropped by 71%. • One electric supply company documents a 39% decrease in absenteeism after implementation of an ESAAP. PPT-099 -01 95
Substance Abuse When someone has an addiction or abuses alcohol and other drugs it affects themselves as well as other people around them: • Emotionally • Behaviorally • Physically PPT-099 -01 96
Emotional Effects • Aggression • Burnout • Anxiety • Depression • Paranoia • Denial PPT-099 -01 97
Behavioral Effects § Slow reaction time § Impaired coordination § Slowed or slurred speech § Irritability § Excessive talking § Inability to sit still § Limited attention span § Poor motivation or lack of energy PPT-099 -01 98
Physical Effects Common performance problems may include: l l Poor attendance - Tardiness - Unexplained absences - Long lunches Co-workers or customer complaints Mistakes Missed deadlines PPT-099 -01 99
Drugs of Abuse • Alcohol • Narcotics • Marijuana • Hallucinogens • Inhalants • Designer Drugs • Stimulants • Over the counter (OTC) • Depressants PPT-099 -01 100
Drug-Free Workplace Policy Accomplishes two major things: 1. Sends a clear message that use of alcohol and drugs in the workplace is prohibited 2. Encourages employees who have problems with alcohol and other drugs to voluntarily seek help PPT-099 -01 101
Elements of ESAAP’s PPT-099 -01 102
A Safer, Drug-Free Workplace • Recognize the impact of alcohol and drug abuse on the workplace • Understand follow the Drug-Free Workplace Policy • Know the types of assistance available • Visit www. samhsa. gov, the website for the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), maintained by the US Department of Health and Human Services PPT-099 -01 103
Additional Resources To assist you in your program development, you can contact us for your own Power. Point copy of: 1. “Drug & Alcohol Awareness-Employee” and 2. “Drug & Alcohol Awareness-Supervisor” Department of Labor and Industry Bureau of Workers’ Compensation Email: RA-LI-BWC-PATHS@pa. gov Phone: (717) 772 -1635 PPT-099 -01 104
PATHS PA Training for Health and Safety PATHS is a “no fee” state-wide service providing Pennsylvania employers and employees with coordinated Health and Safety resources through easy access and affordability PPT-099 -01 105
PATHS At the PATHS Website you can: Ø View. . . Health & Safety Training Power. Point briefings Ø Access “Safety Talks” (Toolbox Talks) Ø Review. . . Course descriptions, objectives, and schedules Ø Employers can register online to participate in webinars and training sessions. Most sessions are free and are open to everyone PPT-099 -01 106
PATHS PPT-099 -01 107
PATHS To Access PATHS www. dli. state. pa. us/PATHS or www. dli. pa. gov – “Individuals” Icon – “Workers’ Compensation” Icon – PATHS Box PPT-099 -01 108
Power. Point Presentation To obtain a copy of this Power. Point Presentation 1. Click on “File” in the upper left-hand corner of your screen. 2. Click on “Save As”. 3. Browse & save the Power. Point Presentation to a location on your computer. PPT-099 -01 109
Webinar Documents PLEASE SEND SIGN-IN SHEETS AND EVALUATIONS TO: E-mail: chpurdy@pa. gov Fax: 717 -783 -6365 THANK YOU VERY MUCH! PPT-099 -01 110
Contact Information To contact a Health & Safety Training Specialist: Bureau of Workers’ Compensation 1171 South Cameron Street Room 324 Harrisburg, PA 17104 -2501 717 -772 -1635 RA-LI-BWC-PATHS@pa. gov Like us on Facebook! https: //www. facebook. com/BWCPATHS PPT-099 -01 111
Questions PPT-099 -01 112
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