Work Measurement Vital inputs for Manpower planning Reducing

Work Measurement Vital inputs for: • • • Manpower planning Reducing labour costs Scheduling Budgeting Designing incentive systems Standard Time Amount of time a qualified worker should spend to complete a specified task, working at sustainable rate, using given methods, tools and equipment, raw material and workplace Most commonly used methods of work measurement: • • Time study Historical times Predetermined data Work sampling

Work Measurement Time Study • Most widely used method of work measurement • Especially appropriate for short, repetitive tasks Average of a few properly trained workers’ performed time are taken as the standard Basic steps: • Define the task to be studied, and inform the worker(s) who will b • Determine the number of cycles to be observed • Time the job and rate the performance • Compute the standard time Breakdown of work into elements

Work Measurement Standard Elemental Time (SET) derived from a firm’s own historical time study data • A time study department accumulates a file of elemental times that are common to many jobs • After a certain point, many elemental times can be retrieved from the file • Eliminate need for analysts to go through a complete time study to obtain those Predetermined Time Standards (PDTS) published data on standard elemental times • Commonly used system is Method-Time Measurement (MTM) • MTM tables are based on extensive research of basic elemental times

Work Measurement Work Sampling is a technique for estimating the proportion of time that a worker or machine spends on various activities and the idle time. appropriate for long, non-repetitive tasks Two primary uses: • Ratio-delay studies: concern the percentage of worker’s time that involves unavoidable delays • Analysis of non-repetitive jobs: percentage of time an employee spends doing various jobs

Work Measurement Observed Time (OT): simply the average of the recorded times Normal Time (NT): observed time adjusted for worker performance Standard Time (ST): normal time required for a job plus an allowance time for different delays For job time For time worked