WORD STRESS The stress falls in the first

The stress falls in the first syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION Father

The stress falls in the middle syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION Potato

The stress falls in the final syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION About

PRODUCTION The two are obviously closely related, but are not identical. The production of

1 Most people seem to feel that stressed syllables are louder than unstressed syllables;

2 The length of syllables has an important part to play in prominence. If

3 A syllable will tend to be prominent if it contains a vowel that

There is a general tendency for verbs to be stressed nearer the end of

WORDS AFTER BEFORE TRANSCRIPTIO WORDS N /ɑːf. tər/ COMPUTER /bɪfɔːr/ WARDROBE TRANSCRIPTIO N /kəmpjuː.

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WORD STRESS

The stress falls in the first syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION Father FAther fa. THER Open o. PEN Camera CAmera ca. MERA STRESS IN SIMPLE WORDS

The stress falls in the middle syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION Potato POtato po. TAto pota. TO Apartment a. PARTment apart. MENT Relation RElation re. LAtion rela. TION STRESS IN SIMPLE WORDS

The stress falls in the final syllable of each word WORDS STRESS POSITION About a. BOUT Receive REceive re. CEIVE Perhaps PERhaps per. HAPS STRESS IN SIMPLE WORDS

PRODUCTION The two are obviously closely related, but are not identical. The production of srress is generally believed to depend on the speaker using more muscular energy than is used for unstressed syllable. PERCEPTION From the perceptual point of view, all stressed syllables have one characteristic in common, and that is prominence. Stressed syllables are recognised as stressed because they are more prominent than unstressed syllables. TWO POINTS OF VIEW OF STRESSED SYLLABLE

1 Most people seem to feel that stressed syllables are louder than unstressed syllables; in other words, loudness is a component of prminence. In a sequence of identical syllables (e. g. ba: ba: ), if one syllable is made louder than the others, it will be heard as stressed. WHAT MAKES A SYLLABLE PROMINENT

2 The length of syllables has an important part to play in prominence. If one of syllables in our “ba: ba: ” is made longer than the others, there is quite a strong tendency for that syllable to be heard as stressed. WHAT MAKES A SYLLABLE PROMINENT

3 A syllable will tend to be prominent if it contains a vowel that is different in quality from neighbouring vowels. If we change one of the vowels in our (e. g. ba: bi: ba: ), the “odd” syllable bi: will tend to be heard as stressed. WHAT MAKES A SYLLABLE PROMINENT

There is a general tendency for verbs to be stressed nearer the end of a word and for nouns to be stressed nearer the beginning. For example: Noun Transcription Verb Transcription CONflict /ˈkɒn. flɪkt/ con. FLICT /kənˈflɪkt/ REcord /ˈrek. ɔːd/ re. CORD /rɪˈkɔːd/ EXport /ˈek. spɔːt/ ex. PORT /ɪkˈspɔːt/ IMport /ˈɪm. pɔːt/ im. PORT /ɪmˈpɔːt/ CONtrast /ˈkɒn. trɑːst/ con. TRAST /kənˈtrɑːst/ NOUN AND VERB STRESS

WORDS AFTER BEFORE TRANSCRIPTIO WORDS N /ɑːf. tər/ COMPUTER /bɪfɔːr/ WARDROBE TRANSCRIPTIO N /kəmpjuː. tər/ /wɔː. drəʊb/ DICTONARY MOUNTAIN PANCAKE /dɪk. ʃən. ər. i/ /maʊn. tɪn/ /pæn. keɪk/ /ʌn. dər/ /bijɒnd/ /mæn. ɪdʒ/ EXERCISE UNDER BEYOND MANAGE