WORD FORMATION TYPES OF WORD FORMATION Derivation shame

WORD FORMATION

TYPES OF WORD FORMATION Derivation (shame – shameless) Back formation (editor – edit) Blending (smoke + fog – smog) Acronym (light amplified by stimulated emission of radiation – laser) Clipping (advertisement – ad) Compound (earth + quake – earthquake) Conversion (clean – to clean) Onomatopoeia (cuckoo) Neologism (quark)

DERIVATION Suffixes (happy – happiness, slow – slowly, determine – determination) Prefixes (happy – unhappy, loyal – disloyal, calculate – miscalculate, legally – illegally)

NOUN SUFFIXES -dom king – kingdom wise – wisdom -ity capable – capability flexible – flexibility -ment content – contentment resent – resentment -sion, - tion celebrate – celebration express – expression

NOUN SUFFIXES -ness kind – kindness drowsy – drowsiness -ance, -ence assist – assistance reside – residence -er, -or fight – fighter act – actor -ist violin – violinist type – typist

ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES -ive -en -ic -al extend – extensive select – selective wood – wooden gold – golden hero – heroic poet – poetic finance – financial type – typical

ADJECTIVE SUFFIXES -able -y -ous -ful -less pleasure – pleasurable drink – drinkable hair – hairy rain – rainy mystery – mysterious delirium – delirious beauty – beautiful hope – hopeful thought – thoughtless care – careless

VERB SUFFIXES -en -ize -ate -(i)fy bright – brighten soft – soften public – publicize demon – demonize active – activate different – differentiate simple – simplify solid – solidify

ADVERB SUFFIXES -ly worried – worriedly distant – distantly

PREFIXES (NEGATIVE) a non dis de- moral – amoral theist – atheist compliance – noncompliance sense – nonsense infect – disinfect arm – disarm frost – defrost code – decode

PREFIXES in- articulate – inarticulate sanity – insanity but im- (m/p/b) il- (l) ir- (r) moral – immoral possible – impossible logical – illogical legal – illegal relevant – irrelevant regular – irregular

PREFIXES un anti counter extra- able – unable helpful – unhelpful war – antiwar virus – antivirus part – counterpart strike – counterstrike ordinary – extraordinary curricular – extracurricular

REFERENCE http: //depts. gallaudet. edu/englishworks/readi ng/suffixes. html#noun http: //www. learnenglish. de/grammar/prefixte xt. htm http: //www. englishclub. com/vocabulary/prefi xes. htm