Word Formation Part 1 Word formation Both inflectional

Word Formation Part 1

Word formation • Both inflectional (or grammatical) e. g. plural suffix, genitive suffix, present or past participle etc. and derivational (or lexical) affixes e. g. un-, mis-, -ness, -ship, -hood are attached to roots. • Another kind of word formation is where more than one root is joined together (e. g. baby-sit). This is called compounding. • Conversion word formation is when a change of word class occurs without any affixation (e. g. skin, a verb derived from a noun, or input, a noun derived from a verb)

Word Coinage

English Word Coinage 1. Compounds 2. Acronyms 3. Back-formations 4. Abbreviations 5. Eponyms 6. Blends

1. Compounds • Definition: Two or more words joined together to form a new word. • Examples: – Home + work homework – Pick + pocket pickpocket

Note: The meaning of a compound is not always the sum of the meanings of its parts. Coconut oil made from coconuts. Ø Olive oil made from olives. Ø Baby oil NOT oil foroilbabies made from babies Ø cathouse a house where men visit prostitutes Ø blue-movies Ø blue-chip Ø go-go Ø

2. Compounding (1) • N ADJ V P Compounding (compounds): combine two or more free morphemes to form new words N N N N ADJ N V N fire engine green house jump suit wall paper blue bird kill joy book case N text book P N after thought out patient 7

2. Compounding (2) N ADJ ADJ P ADJ N ADJ nation-wide sky blue pitch black ADJ ADJ red - hot far - fetched ADJ P ADJ over ripe in grown out spoken out standing 8

2. Compounding (3) N ADJ V P V V V N V ADJ V P V V V Spoon-feed white wash out live blow dry Steam-roller dry clean underestinate breakdanc 9

2. Compounding (4) N N N dog food box stone age cave man 10