Word Formation A way of building new words

Word Formation - A way of building new words and make new meaning come to life -

Negative Prefixes As you could see, you can form new words with different meanings by adding a prefix or a sufix Prefixes don’t change the word class! µ unfair; µ uncommon; µ untrue. . . µ illegal; µ illegitimate; µ illogical. . . µ incorrect; µ informal; µ inconvenient. . . µ irrational; µ irrelevant; µ irresponsible. . . µ impossible; µ immature; µ imperfect. . . µ disadvantage; µ dislike; µ dishonest. . . µ misunderstanding; µ mistrust; µ misbehave. . . µ non-smoker; µ non-violent; µ non-profit. . .

To memorize! RULES When you want to change a word that starts with P or M, you add the prefix “im”: improper; immodest; impartial; impersonal; impolite; impractical, immigrant… Adjectives starting with L, you add the prefix “il”: illiterate; illegible; illicit; illegality; illegal; illogical… Adjectives beginning with R , you add the prefix “ir”: irrational; irresistible; irregular; irreverent; irresponsible… If you have any doubts, go to the dictionary! He’s your friend!

Suffixes usually change the word class of the base word! Noun formation -al µ survive - survival; µ arrive - arrival; µ try - trial. . . -er µ work - worker; µ sing - singer; µ win - winner. . . -ation µ combine - combination; µ accuse - accusation; µ image - imagination. . . -ance/ -ence µ µ µ perform - performance; insure - insurance; entry – entrance; differ – difference; prefer - preference. . . -ment µ employ - employment; µ move - movement; µ arrange – arrangement. . . -age µ carry - carriage; µ use - usage; µ pack - package. . .

Noun formation -ity µ national - nationality; µ feminine - femininity; µ curious - curiosity. . . -ness µ dark - darkness; µ fit - fitness; µ weak - weakness. . . -ant/ ent µ study - student; µ serve - servant; µ assist - assistant. . . -dom µ king - kingdom; µ free - freedom; µ wise - wisdom. . . -ship µ relation - relationship; µ friend - friendship; µ champion - championship. . . -ist µ novel – novelist; µ art - artist; µ piano - pianist. . . -hood µ neighbour - neighbourhood; µ man - manhood; µ parent - parenthood. . . - ess µ actor – actress; µ prince - princess; µ waiter - waitress. . . -th/ -t µ true - truth; µ grow- growth; µ weigh – weight. . .

Adjective formation -ful -ish µ tall - tallish; µ dark - darkish; µ green - greenish. . . -able/ ible µ accept - acceptable; µ agree - agreeable; µ access - accessible. . . µ care - careful; µ beauty - beautiful; µ delight - delightful. . . -y µ sleep - sleepy; µ rain - rainy; µ fun - funny. . . -less -ous µ use - useless; µ shame - shameless; µ hair - hairless. . . µ fame – famous; µ fury - furious; µ poison - poisonous. . . -al µ electric – electrical; µ nation - national; µ emotion - emotional. . . -ive µ create – creative; µ attract - attractive; µ act - active. . .

Verb formation -en µ deep - deepen; µ wide - widen; µ short - shorten. . . -ise/ -ize µ apology - apologise; µ tranquil - tranquilise; µ sympathy - sympathise. . . -ify µ identity - identify; µ solid - solidify; µ example - exemplify. . . -ate µ regular - regulate; µ circular - circulate; µ domestic - domesticate. . .