WOODWORKING HARDWARE AG MECH I STANDARD 6 4

WOODWORKING HARDWARE AG MECH I STANDARD 6: 4 -5

IDENTIFYING HARDWARE • We will look at various sizes fasteners and hardware used in ag construction • Discuss what application they work best in and select the best ones for the job

NAILS • Nails are fasteners that are driven into the material it holds • There are many kinds of nails and are usually classified by their use and form • When selecting a nail the diameter and length are the two most common factors to consider • The unit of measure designated for a nail is called a penny it is represented by the letter d • The term penny was originally used to indicated the number of English pennies needed to purchase 100 nails of a given size

PENNY NAIL SIZE CHART

DIFFERENT KINDS OF NAILS • Common Nail- used for general construction, fences, etc

CUT NAIL • Used for nailing tongue and groove flooring, if hardened used in masonry

BOX NAIL • Used for light household construction, siding

FINISHING NAIL • Used for interior finishing of buildings, trim, cabinets, furniture and where countersinking is needed

SHINGLE NAIL • Used for nailing wood and shingles

ROOFING NAIL • Used for nailing rolled roofing and composition shingles

PLASTERBOARD NAIL • Used to attach plasterboard to studs in buildings

HINGE NAIL • Used to fasten hinges on doors and cabinets

DUPLEX NAIL • Used for construction of forms for concrete work and nailing insulators on wooded post

WIRE STAPLE • Used in wire fence construction

LEAD-HEAD NAIL • Used for nailing galvanized steel roofing and siding

SCREWS • • • Use threads to wrap around the material it is in Classified according to the material they hold Wood- wood Sheet metal-thin metal Cap screws-thread into thick metal that has threads cut into it • Lag Screws (bolts)-structural timbers or wall anchors • Brass screws (prevent rust)

WOOD SCREW

SHEET METAL SCREWS

CAP SCREWS

LAG BOLTS

BRASS SCREWS

HEADS OF SCREWS • There are 7 different heads for screws

FLAT HEAD SCREW

ROUND HEAD SCREW

OVAL HEAD

PAN HEAD

PHILLIPS HEAD

SQUARE HEAD LAG

TORX HEAD

BOLTS • Bolts come in may shapes sizes and functions • Bolts come in American sizes (fractions) 1/16, 1/8, ¼ etc. or metric sizes (millimeter) 6 mm, 7 mm and so on • American sizes also have 2 different thread types • Coarse (UNC) or Fine (UNF) • Metric has 3 different thread coarse, medium and fine.

MACHINE BOLTS • Machine bolts- bolt with a square or hex head with threads on the last 1” or more of the shank

CAP SCREW • Looks like a machine bolt with the following exceptions • Usually threaded the entire length, generally 2” or shorter in length, may have a special head requiring an allen wrench

CARRIAGE BOLT • Has a round head over square shoulders and is used with wood • The shoulders are drawn onto the wood to prevent the bolt from turning

STOVE BOLT • Rounded head bolt with a straight screwdriver slot • Threaded the entire length normally come with a square nut

PLOW BOLT • Square tapered head • When placed in a hole designed for a plow bolt the head is flush with the surface • Used on tillage equipment

J BOLT • Designed to hook and anchor • Truck toolboxes use these as an example

EYE BOLT • Used for tie downs so devices can use clips to quick connect and disconnect

TURNBUCKLE • Used to tighten or loosen cables used as supports

NUTS • Device with a threaded hole and are the moveable part

SQUARE NUT

WING NUT • Used for easy on and off applications. • Marine batteries use these so when your done you can disconnect the battery

CASTLE NUT • Used on axles • Tighten nut down the slide cotter pin through hole in axel to prevent nut from backing off

JAM NUT • Thinner nut put on top of other nut to prevent from loosening

LOCKING NUT (NYLON) • Nut with nylon ring inside to prevent nut from loosing

LOCKING NUT (STEEL) • Teel locking nut is oval in shape to prevent nut from loosening