Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 1 Wisconsin Forestland

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 1 Wisconsin Forestland Owner Offspring Study Results: What Does the Next Generation Think? Presented by: Catherine M. Mater Senior Fellow —The Pinchot Institute President — Mater Ltd. Corvallis, OR Tel: 541 -753 -7335 Fx: 541 -752 -2952 E-mail: catherine@mater. com www. pinchot. org ; www. mater. com August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 2 A project conducted for the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) with Funding provided by the US Forest Service and the State of Wisconsin August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 3 “Drill-down” offspring interviews (n=260 per state) Wisconsin and Pennsylvania: ü 260 offspring per state. ü 100% of interviews completed. ü Analysis now completed for both states. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 4 Forestland locations of offspring interviewed (n = 260 per state) 76% of all counties 46% of all counties August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 5 • Over 500 landowners in Wisconsin initially contacted to ascertain whether they had children • Landowner listings provided by WI DNR from four different sources: 1. MLF and ATF (56%) 2. WISCLAND database (28%) 3. ATF sans MFL (3%) 4. Non-joiner listings (13%) • Only 10% of landowners with childrendeclined to allow their offspring to be interviewed. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 6 Protocol used • Landowner contacted; • Permission obtained from NIPF parents to interview their offspring; • Offspring contacted to set up interview time; • Telephone interviews conducted with offspring. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 7 Five key categories: Ø Demographics: typical demographic questions Ø Affiliations : questions regarding memberships and organization affiliations for both offspring and parents Ø Perceptions: questions regarding offspring perceptions on why the family owns forestland; what’s happening around the family forestland; what the parents consider the most valuable characteristics of owning the forests. Ø Forest management: questions regarding offspring involvement in the management of the family forests; offspring views on management of the forests; offspring awareness of programs to assist forestland owners, etc. Ø Decision-making : questions regarding what the offspring think will happen to the family forests in the future and what role they think they will play, if any. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 8 Mixture of questions : ü requiredyes/no ü were open-ended, with responses then grouped ü requiredranking (1 to 5) of specific choices ü allowed for multiple answers August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 9 Survey analysis included: ü Gender analysis (do males and females think differently? ) ü Age analysis , and. . . for the first time ü Sibling analysis . . . where Shakespeare and forestry unite (bubble, boil, and trouble!) August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 10 Study also includes new segments for analysis: • Larger (>100 acres) vs smaller acreage ownership • Lands were originally inherited vs purchased • Offspring raised (or not) on family forestland • Family lands are (are not) in state’s. MFL program • Offspring are (are not)members of environmental/forestry organizations Let’s see what the kids said. . . August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 11 Demographics August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

12 Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Demographics: Wisconsin Offspring Study Gender: Age : Males = 59% Females = 41 % <20 yrs = 8% (20) 20 -40 yrs = 50% (131) 41 -60 yrs = 41% (106) 60+yrs = 1% (3) 10 -49 acres Acres represented : 50 -99 acres = 29% 100 -499 acres = 31% # of years forestland owned : 10 -30 years = 32% 31 -50 years = 28% 50+ years = 33% # of families where multiple siblings interviewed : 87 families August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 13 Wisconsin offspring line-up. . . • professionals (vs blue collar workers). 43% • earn more than$50, 000 per year. 65% • were not raised on family forestland. 66% • live out-of-state or not near the family forestland. 78% • won’t live on the family forests in the future August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 66% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 14 Affiliations August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 15 Are Wisconsin offspring and their parentsmembers of forestry and/or environmental organizations? Offspring Parents Sibling s % Yes 23% 49% 13% % forestry 29% 66% 29% % environmental 58% 32% 44% If yes, which? : August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 16 Who do WI offspring donate money annually to (ie what’s really important to them)? Overall –– 74% of offspring do donate annually But where? church = 65% environmental = 15% health = 32% Forestry? = 3%! August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 17 Perceptions August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 18 Reasons that parent(s) currently own the land: Top of the list: Bottom of the list : Personal use 62% Home/legacy 52% Investment 21% Stewardship 16% “It’s mine” 6% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

19 Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Wisconsin 2007 Study: Offspring Perceptions 34% % of sibling disagreement 45% 18% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 20 Forest Management August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 21 Are offspring satisfied with management of family forests? 97% yes! but. . . 32% of offspring didn’t know if parents had awritten forest management plan August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 22 According to the kids - What do their parents manage land for? fish/wildlife Top 3 (57%) personnel use (49%) income (38%) stewardship – 13% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 23 Have parents had to deal withchallenges in maintaining the family forest? overall % yes 49% males females 52% 45% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 24 What challenges? Males Top 3 challenges faced by parents labor (35%) time Females labor (27%) dev. pressure taxes (21%) taxes August 2008 The Pinchot Institute (35%) (29%) (27%) Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Knowledge of MFL program? Yes & No! % yes 25 % don’t know Family lands listed: overall 34% males 41% 47% females 24% 69% If in the MFL – are you familiar with MFL obligations? <20 yrs 33% 20 -40 yrs 61% 41 -60 yrs 75% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Have parents have discussed future plans with offspring? : Overall 2007 Wisconsin study 75% Male Offspring 81% Female Offspring 65% % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 26 31% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 27 Age & gender appear factors for parents discussing future of family forestlands. Have parents discussed? % yes males females <20 yrs old 69% 20 -40 yrs old 83% 66% 41 -60 yrs old 81% 71% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 More than half of all offspring interviewed had not been involved with the management of the family forests! 28 2007 Wisconsin study Male Offspring 51% Female Offspring 71% . . . but offspring who are members of associations more likely to be involved % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 33% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 For majority of offspring, if currently not involved - don’t wish to be! 2007 Wisconsin study Male Offspring 53% Female Offspring 56% 29 . . . but kids raised on the family forest and who come from MFL-listed lands do wish to be! % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 54% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 30 But if involved, it was at a good level : Offspring from inherited lands and non-MFL lands more likely to be in decision-making role. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 31 Reasons for offspring not involved in the management of family forests, but wish to be: it’s not mine Top 3 overall 56% proximity to forest 42% no time 23% No difference in offspring segments August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 32 Are WI offspring aware of programs/agencies to help private landowners to manage forestlands? Ø Over 50% said NO , but females particularly not in the know (62% vs 48% for males ); Ø age seemed a significant factor. % aware males females <20 yrs old 31% 29% 20 -40 yrs old 44% 30% 41 -60 yrs old 66% 50% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 33 If offspring aware, which programs? It’s pretty clear – the DNR plays a central role, but. . . August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 34 Offspring from MFL lands and those not raised on the family forest most aware of DNR. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 35 According to the kids, who do they and their parents consult with for information? % parents % kids University/extension 34% 38% Consulting foresters 39% 35% State forestry association 13% 8% National associations 5% 5% State Dept. of Natural Resources 59% 38% Offspring from inherited lands, family forests >100 acres, and non-members of environmental or forestry organizations were more likely to consult with DNR August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 36 Decision-making August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Clear majority wish to own family forest when transfer time occurs 2007 Wisconsin study Male Offspring 92% Female Offspring 85% % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 37 22% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 38 Wisconsin Offspring: 87% of males and females plan to inherit the land, but how? ? % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 15% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 39 But. . . offspring raised on the family forestland have a higher expectation that the family forestland will be sold. . and offspring from non-MFL-listed lands have a lower expectation of joint ownership between siblings , and a higher expectation of joint ownership with other family members. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

40 Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Home/family legacy a top reason to own the land. . . but this one gender- Wisconsin study driven. Male Offspring 58% Female Offspring 89% True for all offspring segments % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 33% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 41 Reasons to own the family forestland: • Personal Use – most often noted by offspring from <100 acre forestlands and lands that had been purchased. • Love of land - most often noted by offspring from lands that had beenpurchased. • Investment/timber- most often noted by offspring who belong to environmental or forestry organizations. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 And income generation off the land may or may not be important, also depending on gender! 2007 Wisconsin study Males Offspring 56% Females Offspring 38% % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 42 40% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 43 Offspring who desire income off the land: • <100 acre forestlands • belong to MFL program • belong to environmental or forestry organizations. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Where will income from? It’s pretty clear! Timber 44 2007 Wisconsin study Male Offspring 76% Female Offspring 68% This was especially true for offspring from. MLF-listed lands! % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 35% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 And the kids? Benefits to owning the land? 45 2007 Wisconsin study Male Offspring • Income – 39% • It’s mine – 40% • Personal use – 72% Female Offspring • Income – 28% • It’s mine – 42% • Personal use – 52% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 46 Benefits to owning the family forestland: • Personal Use – most often noted by offspring from<100 acre forestlands and lands that had beenlisted with the MFL program. • Home/legacy - most often noted by offspring from lands that had been inherited and non-members of environmental or forestry organizations. • Stewardship -most often noted by offspring with lands listed with the MFL program. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Have you discussed future land ownership with your. . . Spouse Siblings Children 47 Male Female Disagree among Offspring siblings 80% 70% 43% 59% 42% 43% 41% na August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 48 On closer look: • Offspring who are members of environmental or forestry organizationscommunicate more to spouses • Offspring from larger acreages and non-MFL lands communicate more with theirchildren • Offspring from inherited lands communicate more with theirsiblings. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Offspring: top three challenges to owning the land? Male Offspring Female Offspring 49 2007 Wisconsin study § Taxes § Time to Manage § Proximity % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 40% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 50 On closer look: • Offspring from purchased landsworry more about labor/time to manage. • Offspring from inherited lands worry more about taxes. • Offspring from purchased landsworry more about sibling rivalry. • Offspring raised on the family forest worry more about encroaching development. • Offspring from non-MFL listed lands appear far less concerned about costs to maintain forestlands. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 51 What conditions would force you to sell? % of families with siblings who disagreed with each other August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 53% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 52 On closer look on force conditions (overall) : • Need for cash (unanticipated) = 51% • $ for medical expenses = 37% • $ for taxes = 31% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 53 Regarding concern over $ of medical expenses: • Offspring from larger acreages are more concerned about $ formedical expenses • Both male and female offspring older than 20 years of age equally concerned August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 54 What’s important to helping to keep the land in family hands? August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 55 Here’s a hint. . . Guess what I’m doing, daddy? ? August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater Sustaining Family Forests Initiative, 2006

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 56 What’s important to helping to keep the land in family hands? Offspring raised on family forestlands more desiring of tax relief August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 57 On closer look: • Offspring who are members of environmental or forestry organizationscommunicate more to spouses • Offspring from larger acreages and non-MFL lands communicate more with theirchildren • Offspring from inherited lands communicate more with theirsiblings. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 58 But. . . when asked what trumps what. . . Offspring from MLF-listed lands especially concerned about kids agreeing August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 59 In Review: Siblings most in agreement on ( 20% disagree ): ü. . . how the family forests were obtained. ü. . . what’s happened with property taxes and land prices surrounding the family forests. ü. . . knowing whether the family forests arelisted with the MFL program. ü. . . being satisfied with the current management of the family forests. ü. . . knowing what will happen to the landat time of transfer. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 60 In Review: Siblings least in agreement on ( 50% disagree ): ü. . . what’s happened with thelocal economy around family forestland. ü. . . wishing to be involved in the management of the forest. ü. . . knowing how the family forestland will be transferred (joint sibling ownership? ; divided amongst siblings? , etc. ). ü. . . determining what condition(s) would force offspring to have to sell or fragment the family forest. ü. . . making income off the land from $ for biomass. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 61 In Review: Sensitivity analyses for decision making questions ü Responses from offspring with parents who had landslisted in the MFL program elicited the largest percentage point spreads compared to responses from offspring from non-MFL listed lands (observed in 47% of all responses. ) ü Size of forestland acreage (<100 acres) and how family forestlands were acquired(inherited) also seemed to correlate offspring responses where 15% points or more between offspring responses were observed. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 62 In Review: Sensitivity analyses forest management questions ü Responses from offspring with parents who had landslisted in the MFL program elicited the largest percentage point spreads compared to responses from offspring from non-MFL listed lands (observed in 56% of all responses. ) ü How family forestlands were acquired(purchased) and offspring who were members of environmental and/or forestry organizations also seemed to correlate with offspring responses where 15% points or more between offspring responses were observed. August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 63 So, do Wisconsin offspring reflect a national trend? Don’t bet the forest on it ! Here’s what PA offspring look like. . . August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

64 Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 Differences in Offspring Thinking between Pennsylvania and Wisconsin: PA WI 58% • More belong to environmental organizations 72% • Less are involved in decision-making roles if they are involved in the management of the family forest (especially female offspring) 49% 59% • More want to be involved right now in the management of the family forest if not currently involved 59% • Less view “personal use” as a key reason for owning the family forest 23% 41% • Less use their state DNR as a go-to source for information and assistance … …………. . but more use state forestry organizations 14% 38% 33% 8% • More believe parents manage for stewardship 44% 13% • More want income off the land 66% 48% August 2008 The Pinchot Institute 45% Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 65 So, if not this. . . then what? ? August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 66 Perhaps policy and outreach adjustments from two venues: • Message • Messenger August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 67 Guess what I’m doing, daddy? ? Just counting carbon banks! Way cool, huh? ? ? August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater Sustaining Family Forests Initiative, 2006

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 68 • Ecosystem services (carbon banking) is new kid on the block … and offspring are interested !! Less labor, more money. • Pushing a ‘green’ message works best with female offspring. Males offspring require income approach. • Stewardship may play well with parents, but does not resonate well with the kids. Verbiage needs to change ! • With so many offspring assuming joint ownership, messaging needs to be with family as a unit, not the individual landowner. • Costs for medical care on minds of all offspring. Do unique partnerships await? ? August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater

Wisconsin Offspring Survey Results 2007 69 Catherine M. Mater Senior Fellow —The Pinchot Institute President — Mater Ltd. Corvallis, OR Tel: 541 -753 -7335 Fx: 541 -752 -2952 E-mail: catherine@mater. com www. pinchot. org ; www. mater. com August 2008 The Pinchot Institute Catherine M. Mater