Wireless Communication Trends Mansura Habiba Overview Wireless Connectivity
Wireless Communication Trends Mansura Habiba
Overview • Wireless Connectivity: Present Trend • NFC : Technical Specification • What is NFC? • NFC Operation Modes • NFC Technologies • How NFC works • NFC: New opportunities • NFC: Benefits and Limitations 2
Overview • i. Beacon : Technical Specification • What is i. Beacon • How i. Beacon Works • i. Beacon : New opportunities • i. Beacon: Benefits and Limitations • Comparison of NFC and Smart & Smart-Ready Bluetooth 3
Overview • Zigbee: Technical Specification • Zigbee: New opportunities • Zigbee: Benefits and Limitations • Ant+: Technical Specification • Ant+: New opportunities • Ant+: Benefits and Limitations • Comparison of different Wireless Connectivity Protocol 4
Wireless Connectivity: Present Trend 5
Different Wireless Connectivity Trends 6
NFC: Typical Use 7
NFC: Typical Use (Cont. . ) 8
Beacon: Typical Use Commercialization Secure Tansaction Shopping : Payment 9
i. Beacon: Typical Use In-Door Navigation Localization Car Security 10
Bluetooth: Typical Use Hands free Device Health Application Connectivity 11
BLE: Typical Use Event Trigger Location Monitor 12
Zigbee: Typical Use 13
ANT+ : Typical Use Fitness Application 14
NFC: Near Field Communication 15
What is NFC • NFC or Near Field Communication is a short range high frequency wireless communication technology • A radio communication is established by touching two devices or keeping them in a proximity of a few centimeters up to 10 cm • Allows communication between • Two powered (active) devices • One powered and one non self powered (passive) device 16
Peer to Peer NFC operation Mode NFC Reader Card Emulator 17
NFC Reader 18
NFC: New Opportunities • Share ringtone: Recently Fanta has used NFC for sharingtones • Share promotional commercial • NFC enabled Vending Machine 19
NFC Tag Provider http: //rapidnfc. com/nfc_tag_antennas 20
Benefits of NFC • NFC is compatible with existing passive RFID infrastructures unlike Bluetooth. • NFC is slow, uses less power and less setup time compared to Bluetooth • Uses Short range secured channel for communication which prevents hackers from snooping information during data transfer. 21
Benefits of NFC • Easy to setup and incorporate with compatible existing systems • No special software needed • No manual configuration and settings needed • No search and pair procedure needed. 22
Limitations of NFC • NFC’s maximum data transfer rate is slower than that of Bluetooth 4. 0. • Short distance action is a major drawback of NFC 23
i. Beacon / BLE 24
i. Bea. Con (i. OS + Bea. Con) • Beacon tech introduced by Apple • An extremely accurate locating system • Runs on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) • Push notification system based on location • When the device is nearby any beacon content, there will be a push notification in the device 25
i. Beacon Features • Included in Bluetooth 4. 0+ • Geo-fence • Peer-to-Peer, WPAN • Low power consumption • Low cost • Multi Vendor interoperability 26
i. Beacon: Multiple points Communication 27
Some i. Beacon examples 28
Proximity and Microlocation 29
i. Beacon: Benefits • Low cost & Low Energy • P 2 P and star network support • Wider range than NFC 30
i. Beacon: Limitations • Not approved for secured financial transactions • Conflicts with different Beacon points is still not handled • Turn location monitoring all the time • Requires recharging the active device • Practical transfer rate is below 100 kb/s • i. Beacon needs power source. 31
Beacon in Commercial use • Paypal Beacon 32
Zigbee: PAN, Mesh Network, Ad-hoc digital radio networks 33
Zigbee: Features • Low cost and Low Energy • Mesh network PAN • Can transmit data over long range • Operates in the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands: 868 MHz in Europe, 915 MHz 34
Zigbee: Benefits • Can not act as both Beacon and Non-Beacon Mode • Remote Sensing and control 35
Zigbee: Limitations • Very low bandwidth • Practical range is too low 10 -meter range. In comparison the specification is up to 100 m 36
Zigbee: New Opportunities 37
Zigbee: Home Automation 38
Zigbee vs. BLE Zig. Bee Protocol Stack 250 kb < 32 kb (4 kb) Range 10 - 100 meters 30 - 100 meters Link Rate 1 Mbps 250 kbps Battery rechargeable non-rechargeable Devices 8 2^16 Air Interface FHSS DSSS Usage frequently infrequently Network Join Time 3 sec 30 msec Extendibility no yes Security PIN, 64 bit, 128 Bit 128 bit, AES 39
Zigbee vs. BLE Zig. Bee Beacon Mode Either Beacon or Non. Beacon Both Connectivity Machine to Machine Remote Sensing Power Consumption Comparatively High Low Setup Take long time Faster Network Adhoc, Piconet Adhoc, Star, Mesh, Hybrid, Piconet 40
• ANT+ is the wireless technology that allows your monitoring devices to talk to each other. Leading brands design ANT+ into top products to ensure that you get the data you want - when and where you want it. Fundamentally, ANT+ gives you the simplest, most expandable and most reliable user experience possible. Ant+: What is Ant+ • ANT+ stands for interoperability which means that ANT+ products from multiple brands work together. Plus, because devices are compatible, you can always add to or update your monitoring system. 41
Ant+: Device Profile ANT+ devices use the ANT+ network key to access the ANT+ network, and they implement at least one of the ANT+ device profiles. 42
Comparison of NFC and Smart & Smart-Ready Bluetooth 43
Learn, create and make it work 44
Additional slides with information 45
How NFC Works Initiator Reader peakdetects the amplititude modulated two loop antennas create air-core communication Reader continiously generates as RF carrier sine wave at 13, 56 MHz Target Receive sufficient energy and starts clocking its data that connected at coils input Shunting the coil causes a momentary fluctuation 46
NFC: Overview 47
Features of NFC • NFC is an extention of Radio frequency Identification (RFID) technology that combines the interface of a smartcard and a reader into a single device. • It operates within gobal unlicensed radio frequency band of 13, 56 MHz with a bandwidth of 14 KHz. • Supported data rates 106, 212 and 424 Kbit/s • Setup time is < 0, 1 sec • Able to receive and transmit data at the same time This solves the problem of recovering data corruption during transmission. 48
NDEF Record Type technical info 49
NFC Technology Protocols 50
i. Beacon - Technical background • i. Beacon are tiny lowcost, low energy, battery operated wireless transmitter • i. Beacon broadcast small data packet per second using BLE • i. Beacon enabled Apps are notified when the mobile device moves in or out of the range of i. Beacon using geo-location (micro-location) and contextual interaction • Proximity to a specific i. Beacon can trigger some app functionality to perform a specific action on a specific mobile device at an exact specific time and in a specific location • If Apps can connect to the Net this interaction can be taken to next stage 51
Comparison of Different Wireless Connections Bluetooth BLE (beacon/ibeac on) NFC Zig. Bee ANT+ Range (m) <100 <50 < 0. 2 30 - 100 50 Link Rate 2, 1 MBps 25 Mbps 424 kbps 250 kbps 1 Mbps Battery rechargeable non-rechargeable Devices 8 8 2 2^16 4 Network Topology star, P 2 P Mesh, star, P 2 P. Tree Network Join Time 6 sec 3 sec 0, 1 sec 30 msec 90 msec Extendibility No No No Yes Security 64 bit, 128 Bit PIN, 64 bit, 128 Bit Non-RFID 128 bit, AES No Extra Chip No No Yes Cost <30$ 1$-5$ >$200 25$-50$ <1$ 52
NFC vs. RFID 53
Bluetooth vs. BLE 54
NFC vs. BLE 55
NFC vs. i. Beacon NFC Technology BLE NFC Os Support Android, io. S & Windows Android& Windows Manufacturer 10/10 9/10 Scan Distance <=50 m <=10 cm Cost 25$-50$ <1$ No touch required Touch is required Connection Point Yes No Power Consumption Less More Proximity 56
NFC vs. i. Beacon (Cont. ) i. Beacon NFC Requirement Bluetooth 4. 0 chip Mechanism Content Notification by beacon (phone stanbye) Detection of tag Power Beacon active Tag active or passive Range Up to 50 m Up to 4 m Content application interworking Pairing with device NDEF content types 57
NFC vs. i. Beacon (Cont. ) Application side beacon or tag (supplies content to application) NFC Mobile phone with NFC chip Tag with NFC chip NFC Device with NFC chip Mobile phone with NFC chip i. Beacon Mobile phone with Bluetooth i. Beacon with Bluetooth 4. 0 i. Beacon Device with Bluetooth 4. 0 Mobile Phone with i. Beacon 58
Comparison of NFC and other RFID technologies 59
Zigbee vs. BLE Zig. Bee Protocol Stack 250 kb < 32 kb (4 kb) Range 10 - 100 meters 30 - 100 meters Link Rate 1 Mbps 250 kbps Battery rechargeable non-rechargeable Devices 8 2^16 Air Interface FHSS DSSS Usage frequently infrequently Network Join Time 3 sec 30 msec Extendibility no yes Security PIN, 64 bit, 128 Bit 128 bit, AES 60
Zigbee vs. BLE Zig. Bee Beacon Mode Either Beacon or Non. Beacon Both Connectivity Machine to Machine Remote Sensing Power Consumption Comparatively High Low Setup Take long time Faster Network Adhoc, Piconet Adhoc, Star, Mesh, Hybrid, Piconet 61
Common ANT vs. BLE ANT BLE Technology P 2 P, star, tree, mesh P 2 P, star Channel width 1 MHz 2 MHz Battery rechargeable non-rechargeable Data Rate 1 Mbs Range 50 m Usage frequently infrequently Network Join Time long short Extendibility no yes Security 64 bit key 128 bit, AES 62
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