Windows routing and resolution Basic concepts 4 Host

Windows routing and resolution

Basic concepts 4 Host name: machine. sub-domain l l example: mail. ubalt. edu same machine name in Windows in Net. BIOS and TCP/IP, but the Net. BIOS name is just \machine 4 IP numbers are assigned to NICs l l l a machine can have more than one NIC can have more than one IP number use IPCONFIG to see IP numbers in a machine l example in AL 200 and WEBTEACH 4 How to map host names to IP numbers? l Host tables, DNS and WINS

IP resolution 4 Name resolution: given a TCP/IP name how to know its corresponding IP number. 4 Alternatives l HOSTS file: an ASCII list of host names and IP numbers, l l IP broadcast: workstation asks for IP number (resolution) LMHOSTS file: does all HOSTS do plus include part of the table from central location, identify DC, Domain, etc. Both at %system root%WindowsSystem 32Driversetc DNS: a data base containing zone, cache, reverse lookup, and arpa-127 files (resource records), located at %system root%WindowsSystem 32Dns directory, DHCP updates DNS in Windows 2000 on (not in NT). WINS: uses a replicated data base with computer names and IP numbers, dynamic, interacting with DHCP.

IP routing 4 Routing tables l l Static - maintained by network manager (NT) Dynamic - automatically by routing protocol 4 DNS l l required for socket applications (FTP, HTTPD, MAIL) DNS service, dynamic link to WINS but requires manual updating of central route table , RIP takes care of the rest (NT). DHCP automatically updates DNS in Windows 2 K on DNS data base: boot (where are the files), arpa-127. rev (maps localhost into 127. 0. 0. 1), cache (where the “root servers” are located in the Internet), direct and reverse lookup table of names and IP numbers. Primary and secondary name servers: one of each by zone.

IP routing tools 4 Nslookup l l information, e. g. nslookup <webteach> commands: set option , e. g. domain, port(53). 4 Viewing the route table l l l netstat -rn or route print example in AL 200 and WEBTEACH note: 0. 0 is Internet connection 4 Trace route l l tracert: example in AL 200 and WEBTEACH Cyberkit: example in AL 200