Wind Unit 7 Wind and Air Pressure Air
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Wind Unit 7
Wind and Air Pressure � Air never stops moving. � The constant circulation of air depends on temperature and air pressure. � That is what makes wind. � Wind carries heat and moistures around the world. � Atmospheric pressure and the temperature make wind. � Wind moves depending on the pressure.
Wind and Air Pressure, cont. Air moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure. � Air depends on many different things. � Cold air is heavier and creates high pressure. These are called highs. � This sinking air absorbs moisture in the air and clear skies with no precipitation. � Warm air is light and rises into the atmosphere creates areas of low pressure or depressions. �
Prevailing Winds � Some winds blow all the time in the same place. They are called prevailing winds. � They are generated because the direct rays of the Sun heat the air at the equator more than the air at Earth’s North and South poles. � Hot air then moves north and south from the equator. Cooler air moves in to take the place of the warm air.
The Coriolis Effect � The rotation of Earth spinning on its axis changes the direction of the wind. � Earth spins from the west to east. � This rotation of Earth deflects winds to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere.
Wind Speed � The speed of wind depends upon differences in air temperature. � The force of wind is measured on the Beaufort Wind Scale. It goes from 0 to 12 from no wind to hurricane-force winds. � It describes the effect of wind on the objects it encounters on the ground. � Wind speed is measured by an anemometer.
Wind Power � Man has learned to harness the wind thousands of years ago. � Wind generators are used in many countries, including the United States, to generate electricity.
Facts to Remember � Wind is the movement of air. � Local winds can be created by the movement of warm and cool air from land to sea.
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