Why Specialised IP Matters Need Specialised IP Courts

Why Specialised IP Matters Need Specialised IP Courts 为什么专门的知识产权事务需要由专门 的知识产权法院审理 Beate Schmidt President of the Federal Patent Court Munich/ Germany 贝亚特·施密特（Beate Schmidt） 联邦专利法院院长 德国慕尼黑

Four things belong to a judge: 法官需要具备四项素质： to hear courteously, 谦恭地听审 to answer wisely, 机智地答复 to consider soberly, 冷静地思考 and to decide impartially. 公正地判决 SOCRATES (470/469 -399 BC) 苏格拉底（公元前470/469年 -399年） classical greek philosopher 古希腊哲学家

Importance of IP Rights 知识产权权利的重要性 IP rights are often a company's most valuable assets. 知识产权权利通常是企业最具价值的资产。 companies need legal protection and efficient and predictability of legal decisions. 企业需要法律保护和高效可预期的裁判。 loss of IP rights through litigation company's competitive standing. reduces a 因诉讼而失去知识产权权利将削弱企业的竞争力。

IP litigation is highly complex, based on special regulation, detailed scientific or technical evidence is necessary. 知识产权诉讼非常复杂，依据是特别法规，需要有 详细的科学或技术证据 IP judges – also lawyers and patent attorneys involved - need special knowledge and experience in IP matters 知识产权法官——也包括相关律师和专利代理人— —需要具备知识产权事务的专门知识和经验

rules of procedure can be taylor made for IP rights 可以为知识产权权利量身定制程序规则 harmonisation of decisions and facilitated transparency is 有利于保持裁判的一致性和透明度 cooperation between specialised possible 专业化的法官之间可以相互合作 judges is

Technical Judges Versus Expert Witnesses 技术法官与专家证人 professional combination of technical and legal expert knowledge 技�和法律��知�的���合 mixed panels with technically qualified judges assure exchange of information and opinions 具有技���的法官参加的�合裁判小� 可以确保信息和�点的交流 exchange of technical views during proceedings and the final oral session of the court 在法庭程序和最后的口�庭�中交流技� �点

Technical Judges Versus Expert Witnesses 技术法官与专家证人 experts may have a higher specialization, technically qualified judges have special knowledge in patent law �家可能�有更深入的��知�，而具有技 ���的法官� 具���的�利法知� responsibility of technical judges for the final decision 技�法官�最�判决承�� :

Technical Judges Versus Expert Witnesses 技术法官与专家证人 qualified experts may be difficult to find, many lack special experience in the field of patent law 有��的�家很�找到，很多缺乏�利 法�域的���� giving their opinion takes time and prolongs proceedings considerately 他�需要一定��才能提出�家意�， �会大大延�法庭程序的�� court experts and private experts are expensive 法庭�家和私人�家的�用很高

Technical Judges Versus Expert Witnesses 技术法官与专家证人 experts may not be impartial as in many specialized areas they are often already involved with one of the parties 在很多��化�域，�家往往与当事方之一 有关�，因此可能无法做到不偏不倚 experts are not involved in the decision taking and so must not take final responsibility �家不参与裁决，因此不承担最��任

Bifurcation 案件分流 No jurisdiction in cases involving infringement of Property Rights 对产权侵权案件无管辖权 FEDERAL COURT OF JUSTICE � 邦最高法院 Appeal on points of fact and law (Berufung) 针对事实和法律问题 提出的上诉 Appeal on points of law against a decision judgement (Rechtsbeschwerde) (Revision) 针对裁决中法律问题提出的上 针对判决中的法律问题提出的上 诉（Revision） 诉 FEDERAL PATENT COURT �邦�利法院 Nullity Action Patents � 利无效�� Appeal 上� German Patent and Trade Mark Office 德国�利商 �局 Federal Office for Plant Varieties �邦植物新品种 保��公室 HIGHER REGIONAL COURT高等地区法院 Appeal on points of fact and law 针对事实和法律问题提起的上 诉 DISTRICT COURT 地方法院