Why are we studying this To learn more

Why are we studying this? • To learn more about our culture. • To expand our musical vocabulary. • To be able to recognise traditional Scottish instruments and dances when we hear them.

How to use this revision material: • For sound examples go to • http: //www. educationscotland. gov. uk/learnlisteni ngonline/atozdictionary/index. asp or • http: //www. educationscotland. gov. uk/nqmusic/c oncepts/index. asp You can also use http: //www. youtube. com/ to find sound clips.

The Music of Scotland Features of Scottish Music What makes Scottish music sound Scottish? • Instruments • Melody • Scales • Grace notes • Rhythm

Bagpipes Listen to the sound of the bagpipes Pipe Band A pipe band includes drums as well as pipes. Most commonly marching bass drums & snare drums. Listen to the sound of a pipe band

Bagpipes • Drones • Chanter • Reed Styles of Bagpipe music • Pipe Band • Pibroch • http: //www. educationscotland. gov. uk/nqmusic/na tional 5/concepts/pibroch. asp

Instruments Fiddle The fiddle, is just a Scottish word for violin. Listen to this example of Scottish fiddle music This fiddle is accompanied by which instrument? This bass – chord, bass – chord style of piano accompaniment is called a vamp. Listen out for it in future excerpts. Accordion The accordion is very much associated with Scottish music. Listen to the sound of an accordion

Instruments Clarsach The clarsach is a Scottish harp. It comes in a number of sizes, but is smaller than an orchestral harp. Listen to the sound of the clarsach

Clarsach Pedal Harp Clarsach means small harp. Notice the difference in height!

Instruments Bodhran The bodhran is an Irish wooden drum, held in one hand played with a wooden beater. It is often used in Scottish folk music. Listen to the sound of the bodhran

Modern Folk music is still very much alive & well Here’s an example of modern folk music Here’s another

Celtic Rock A style of music that mixes folk music and rock music together Here’s an example of celtic rock music Here’s another

Scottish Dance Music Played by a Scottish Country Dance Band Heard at a Ceilidh Listen to the sound of an Scottish Country Dance Band Click the picture above to view

Folk Group A group of two or more musicians who perform music in a traditional style usually accompanied by guitars. Perform traditional music from a particular country e. g. Scotland.

Some extra instruments you might hear in Scottish music. . . • Piano • Guitar • Drumkit or Snare Drum

The Scottish Dances • Scotland has a rich dance tradition and dancing requires music! • Ceilidh dancing, Highland dancing, country dancing, Scottish step dancing • • • March Strathspey Reel Jig Waltz

The Reel A quick dance In Simple time 2/4 or 4/4 ‘Straight’ rhythms (quavers / crotchets etc. ) No ‘jumpy’ rhythms Sounds like “Running Reel, Running Reel” Listen to this reel Here’s another one

LETS WORK ON RHYTHM! REEL

The Jig Another quick dance In Compound time 6/8 ‘Jumpy, Skippy’ rhythms (triplets & ‘dotted-sounding’. ) You can hear: “one-and-a-two-and-a” or “skippity-skippity” Listen to this jig Here’s another Jig

JIG

The Strathspey A more slow dance (at a walking pace) In Simple time 4/4 The only dance to contain Scotch Snaps Listen to this strathspey Here’s another one

STRATHSPEY

The Waltz A slow dance In 3/4 time Count “ 1, 2, 3” Listen to this waltz Listen to another one

WALTZ

The March A dance at a ‘marching’ pace Can be in 4/4, 2/4 or 6/8 time Sounds like you could ‘march to the strong beat’. Listen to this march Here’s another one

• ‘Scotland the Brave’ is a march

Scottish Dance Quiz! 1– Name the dance being played. 2 – Name both the style of music and the dance being played. 3 – Name the dance being played. 4 – Name the dance being played and the type of group playing. 5 – Name the dance being played and whether the dance is in simple or compound time.

Melody Pentatonic Scale The easiest way to find the pentatonic scale is the black notes on a piano keyboard. Grace Notes

Rhythm Scotch Snap Ally Bally Bee Strathspey

CONCEPTS! • Vamp A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played by piano or guitar. • Scotch Snap A very short accented note before a longer note • Simple Time The music has 2, 3 or 4 beats in a bar. Each beat is usually 1 crotchet beat. • Compound Time The beat is divided into groups of 3 pulses. 2 dotted crotchet beats in a bar 6/8

Vamp A rhythmic accompaniment with a bass note played on the beat and a chord off the beat. Usually played on piano or guitar.

Scotch Snap A very short accented note before a longer note.

Simple Time Music has two, three or four beats in each bar. Each beat is usually one crotchet. The first beat of each bar is slightly accented. 1+ 2 + 3 + 4 +

Compound Time The beat is divided into 3 pulses. 1 + a 2 + a

Scottish Vocal Music • • used to tell a story to work to to dance to to entertain

Waulking song • Working song • Listen for the ‘Thud’ • Call & Response technique • Singing in Unison Listen to this waulking song Listen to another

Bothy Ballad • Sung by men • Tales of Farming • Often humorous • Usually unaccompanied Listen to this Bothy Ballad

Scots Ballad • Tells a story • Handed down through word-of-mouth • Often through travelling people Listen to this Scots Ballad Listen to another

Mouth Music (Puirt-a-beul) • Music to dance to • No instruments (Unaccompanied) • Very rhythmical Listen to this • Gaelic nonsense words sung in imitation. Puirt-a-beul of the sound of bagpipes Listen to another

Gaelic Psalm Singing • ‘Eerie’ sound • Slow • Congregation follows minister • Singing in Unison Listen to some Gaelic Psalm singing