Who was Gregor Mendel Gregor Mendel the father
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Who was Gregor Mendel? Gregor Mendel- the father of Genetics -conducted experiments with pea plants & determined that traits are passed on from parent to offspring.
Gregor Mendel • Gregor Mendel (born in 1822) was an Austrian monk who became known as the "father of modern genetics, " discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his monastery's garden. • His experiments showed that the inheritance of certain traits in pea plants follows particular patterns.
Pea Plant Experiment
Genes determine Traits! • Genes (sections of DNA) have the instructions for creating Proteins (at the ribosome) • Proteins determine traits.
Chromosomes, Genes and Alleles Chromosomes: structures made up of protein and DNA. They are found in the nucleus of cells. DNA is wrapped around chromosomes. Genes: sections of DNA that code for traits. Alleles: different versions of a gene.
Chromosomes, Genes, Alleles • Chromosomes are made up of many genes joined together like beads on a string. • The chromosomes in a pair may have different alleles (versions of a gene) for some genes and the same allele for others. • Ex- b = allele for blue eyes, B = allele for brown eyes. (alleles are represented by upper and lower case letters) • We inherit one allele from each parent (it is in the sperm or egg).
How did all of the plants end up TALL?
Dominant vs. Recessive • An organism with a dominant allele for a particular form of a trait will always have that form • An organism with a recessive allele for a particular form of a trait will have that form only when the dominant allele is not present
Phenotype vs. Genotype • Phenotype is what form of a trait that an organism shows – Tall, short, pink, white • Genotype is what actual alleles an organism carries – Tt, TT, tt, Ww, WW, ww