WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss Prevention of Deafness WHO, 2018 1| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Summary WHO estimates that there are ü 466 million persons in the world live with disabling hearing loss* -> 6. 1% of the world's population ü 432 million (93%) of these are adults -> 242 million males, 190 million females ü 34 million (7%) of these are children ü One-third of persons 65+ are affected by disabling hearing loss ü The number of people with disabling hearing loss will grow over the years -> up to 630 million by 2030 and over 900 million in 2050** *Disabling hearing loss refers to hearing loss greater than 40 d. B in the better hearing ear in adults (15 years or older) and greater than 30 d. B in the better hearing ear in children (0 to 14 years). **Projections calculated based on the WHO 2008 prevalence estimates 2| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of hearing loss: WHO global estimates Males: 242 m. 56% *Children: 34 m 7% *Adults: 432 m. 93% Females: 190 m. 44% In 2018, there an estimated 466 million people with disabling hearing loss worldwide. 93% of them are adults and 7% children. Among the adults, there are more males (56%) than females (44%) with disabling hearing loss. 3| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Disabling hearing loss is unequally distributed across the world East Asia 21. 6% High-income Cent/East Europe and 9. 9% Cent Asia 7. 4% Sub-Saharan Africa 10. 6% Latin America & Carib. 8. 6% Asia Pacific 10. 1% South Asia 28. 2% Middle East and North Africa 3. 5% The pie-chart shows the distribution of disabling hearing loss across different regions of the world. 4| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of disabling hearing loss across the world The table gives the prevalence of disabling hearing loss among all ages, in millions and as percentage of population, overall and according to regions. 5| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of disabling hearing loss in adult males, adult females and children across the world This table shows the prevalence of disabling hearing loss across the world for each population group separately– children, adult males and adult females. The prevalence trends are similar to the trends for the global population. 6| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for adults Prevalence of disabling hearing loss for adults by region 10. 00% 8. 00% 6. 00% 4. 00% 2. 00% 0. 00% High-income Cent/East Europe and Cent Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East and North Africa South Asia Pacific Latin America and Caribbean East Asia Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for adults 15+ years old Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for males 15+ years old Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for females 15+ years old This figure shows the prevalence of disabling hearing loss among adults (males, females and both together) across different world regions. It is evident that the prevalence is higher in males compared to females in all regions. 7| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of disabling hearing loss in children Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss 3. 00% 2. 00% 1. 00% 0. 00% High-income Cent/East Europe and Cent Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East and North Africa South Asia Pacific Latin America and Caribbean East Asia The graph depicts the prevalence of hearing loss in children (0 -15 years) across all regions. 8| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of disabling hearing loss for children, adults 15+, and adults 65+ 9| WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss 35. 00% 30. 00% 25. 00% 20. 00% 15. 00% 10. 00% 5. 00% si a an st A an d Ea C ar ib Pa ci si a A So a ic m er st A Ea La tin e dl M id be fic a A ut h fr A th or N d an b. Su si ic a a fr ic A n Sa d an pe ro Eu st /E a ha ra C h- in co en t. A m e si a 0. 00% H ig Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss 40. 00% en t Overall, the prevalence of disabling hearing loss increases with age, i. e. prevalence in children is 1. 7%; in adults aged 15+ -> 7. 6%; rapidly increasing to almost one in three in adults older than 65 years. 45. 00% C The graph shows the prevalence of hearing loss in different age groups, across the regions. 50. 00% Prevalence of DHL for children until 14 years old Prevalence of DHL for adults 15 years or older Prevalence of DHL for adults 65 years or older

Trends in hearing loss over the next 35 years DHL Estimates Projections (both sexes, all ages) Number of people with DHL in millions 1, 000. 00 930. 00 859. 00 782. 00 704. 00 630. 00 554. 00 489. 00 431. 00 0. 00 2015 2020 2025 2030 Year 2035 2040 2045 2050 This graph shows (in millions) WHO’s projections regarding the number of people likely to have DHL is growing in coming years. It could rise from 466 million in 2018, to 933 million in 2050. 10 | WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Projected number of people with hearing loss in different world regions until 2050 The map shows the current and projected number of people with hearing loss in different regions. Projections show that the number of people with disabling hearing loss will increase in all regions. 11 | WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children versus average GNI per capita: * Asia Pacific: 2% 2. 00% S-Sahara Africa: 1. 9% Latin America and Caribbean: 1. 6% Cent/East Europe and Cent Asia 1. 6% 1. 50% East Asia: 1. 3% 1. 00% Middle East and North Africa: 0. 92% High Income: 0. 5% 0. 50% Average GNI per capita 2016 (thousands US Dollars) Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children until 14 years old 2018 Power(Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children until 14 years old 2018) 12 | WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 0. 00% 10 *GNI per capita: gross national income per capita South Asia: 2. 4% 5 __________ 2. 50% - The graph shows that in children, prevalence decreases exponentially as national income increases. Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children 3. 00%

Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss in children versus average parent's literacy rate 3. 00% 13 | 2. 50% South Asia: 2. 39% Asia Pacific: 2. 20% 2. 00% S-Sahara Africa: 1. 93% Latin America and Caribbean: 1. 6% Cent/East Europe and Cent Asia 1. 55% 1. 50% East Asia 1. 28% 1. 00% Middle East and North Africa: 0. 92% 0. 50% WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children until 14 years old 100 Average Parent's Literacy rate (% of population of 15 or more years old) 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 0. 00% 50 Prevalence of Disabling Hearing Loss for children (0 to 14 years old) The graph shows a negative relationship between prevalence of disabling hearing loss in children and parents’ literacy rates. This means that the prevalence in children decreases when parents’ literacy rate increases.

Annex 1: World regions Details of Selected Regions Countries Subregion East Asia China, Hong Kong SAR (China), Macau SAR (China), Democratic People's Republic of Korea Asia Pacific region Southeast Asia Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Maldives, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor. Leste, Viet Nam. Oceania Cook Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Nauru, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Vanuatu, Tuvalu and Niue. South Asia region South Asia Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan Central / Eastern Europe and Central Asia region Central Asia Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan. Central Europe Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Montenegro, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of). Eastern Europe Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russian Federation, Ukraine. Middle East and North Africa region North Africa and Middle East 14 | Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territory, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen. WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Annex 1: Distribution of countries in regions Central Africa East Africa Southern Africa West Africa Sub-Saharan Africa region Angola, Central African Republic, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon. Burundi, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia. Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe. Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, São Tomé and Príncipe, Togo. Latin America and Caribbean region Andean Latin America Central Latin America Southern Latin America Tropical Latin America Caribbean Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru. Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Venezuela (Bolivarian Rep. of). Argentina, Chile, Uruguay. Brazil, Paraguay. Antigua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago. High-income region Asia-Pacific Australasia North America Western Europe 15 | Brunei Darussalam, Japan, Republic of Korea, Singapore. Australia, New Zealand. Canada, United States of America. Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Monaco and San Marino. WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss

Annex 2: Data sources Indicator Source Hearing Loss Estimates MBD: All degrees of hearing loss for adults and children WHO, 2018 Hearing Loss estimates Population 2017 Estimates *UNDP 2017 World Population Prospects GNI per capita 2016 Estimates, Atlas method (current US $ Dollars) **Worldbank Database 2018 Literacy rate 2016 Estimates, adult total (% of people ages 15 and above) **Worldbank Database 2018 *WPP available at: http: //www. un. org/esa/population/ **Worldbank database available at: http: //data. worldbank. org/ 16 | WHO global estimates on prevalence of hearing loss