Whither Academic Information Services in the Perfect Storm
- Slides: 19
Whither Academic Information Services in the Perfect Storm of the Early 21 st-century? Michael A. Keller Stanford University For the 8 th Bielefeld Conference 060208
Elements of the Perfect Storm • • Ubiquitous network access Low cost computers & PDAs Plentiful, cheap magnetic memory “Just in time” commercial culture; Public Internet an “open” culture Investment market based on quarterly reports Google, Yahoo, MSN, millions of other providers, some free, some fee • Blog-sphere, Wikis, RSS • • feeds Course Management Systems Collaboration environments Virtual, global communities Anonymous institutional information environments
Google Project Library Partner Motivations • Vastly expand intellectual access to our collections • Populate digital repositories for long-term persistence of digital avatars of our collections • Defense of fair use, by employing it! • Alternate reader functions from the ones Google presently offers
Course Management Systems • Increase use of web resources to enhance/extend in-person instruction • Dominate in most American universities • Produce lots of digital objects for institutional repositories and sharing • Make use of functions: locate, gather, deliver, create & sharing • Drive e-portfolio services
Web services • Discovering • Locating • Requesting • Delivering • Gathering • Creating • Sharing
Web Services based on systems • On-line public access catalogs • Internet Search Engines • Proprietary Search Engines • Course Management Systems • Institutional Information Topographies • Web Browser Applications • The World Wide Web itself
Services beyond Google’s • Taxonomic indexing – providing access to ideas in a text • Associative searching – providing access by statistically • • • ranked lists of co-terms Hyperlinking of citations GUIs to navigate search results More subtle searching Alerting services driven by user terms Recommendation services “Info-tools” assisting readers to find definitions, locations, biographical sketches
“High Touch” Services • First, make users predominantly self-sufficient • Provide in-person and personalized services on • • demand – subject & technial specialists needed Serve communities in responsive and distinctive ways Bibliographic, communication, & analytic services advancing research, teaching & learning
How many e-books? • Quick Stanford study 2005 • 22, 892 titles in English acquired in 2005 with imprint • • • years 2001 -2005 Random sample of 1, 373 titles (6% of universe) 181 titles available as e-books (13. 2%) Hypothesis needs to be tested on other imprints, especially European ones Will e-books replace physical books soon? We conclude doubtful soon, but e-book readers are coming
How much information? • 9 B web pages indexed by Google • 90 B web pages behind access control • Federated searching behind access control difficult, but important service to provide
Digital Repositories • So far experimental • Transparent, auditable services needed • Portico, KB, BL, LOCKSS/CLOCKSS, Stanford Digital Repository, others • Later more wide-spread as techniques proven
Aquifer of DLF • Middleware services • Standards, including meta-data • Collection policies • Intended to support the federation of numerous local collections • Not an architecture, but a tool kit • Katherine Kott, director
Service Framework of DLF • Organizes effort and resources toward… • Integration of systems, applications, standards to… • Develop & evolve systems architectures • Responsive to users • Responsive to rapidly changing i. t. environment • Lorcan Dempsey, OCLC, lead
What about our people? • Re-treading and re-engineering vital • Employing well-qualified engineers vital • Engaging computer scientists vital • Shared vision, mission, goals vital
Libraries & Virtual Libraries • Libraries as places heavily populated – Services well used – Millions of books move (more as mass digitization and indexing on the web proceeds • Virtual libraries heavily used, but metrics? • Planning bookless libraries, e. g. Engineering • Planning traditional libraries, e. g. Art • Bibliographic literacy & information heuristic
Basic functions, regardless of medium • Selection & gathering • Intellectual access to information objects • Distribution of content & access • Interpretation of content; navigating the ordered set and the information chaos • Preservation of the avatars of content – physical & digital • Analysis, manipulation & presentation
Client Focus, not Guild Focus Let the rising tide of access to information lift all the boats, everywhere
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