While you wait Find your assigned seat Take
- Slides: 35
While you wait……. . • Find your assigned seat • Take out your notebook, a pen or pencil and a calculator • In your notebook title this unit properties of matter
Our plan for today…. • Introduction to properties of matter • Density mini lab • Complete POGIL classification of matter activity
PROPERTIES OF MATTER Describing Matter
Learning Targets • Distinguish between pure substance and mixtures based on the characteristic properties of the substance and describe how you could use these properties to separate the mixture or pure substance into its components. •
How would you describe yourself so that someone else could identify you? • On a separate sheet of paper, write as many physical descriptions of yourself as you can. Do not put your name on the paper.
Matter and its composition
Physical Properties • A property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter. • Physical properties identify matter. • Examples include but are not limited to: • • • Density Malleability Ductility Solubility State Thermal Conductivity
Physical Properties • Density • Amount of mass in a given volume • A substance is always the same at a given pressure and temperature regardless of the size of the sample of the substance. • The density of one substance is usually different from that of another substance. • Density equals mass divided by volume. • D=m/v
Practice • A bar of copper has a mass of 216 g and a volume of 24 cmᴲ. • What is the density of copper?
More Practice • An ice cube has a volume of 36 cmᴲ. If the ice cube has a mass of 33. 2 g, what is the density of the ice cube? • What is the density of water? 1 g/cm³
Density Mini Lab • You are to design a way to determine unknown metals using the density formula. • You may use a graduated cylinder, an electronic balance and water
How did you determine? Data Table Sample Mass (g) Volume of water + (ml) sample (ml) Volume of sample (ml) Density (g/ml) Data and Observations
Metal Density (g/cm 3) Aluminum 2. 699 Chromium 7. 13 Copper 8. 89 Gold 19. 33 Iron 7. 86 Lead 11. 347 Magnesium 1. 738 Mercury 13. 596 Nickel 8. 85 Osmium 22. 5 Potassium 0. 87 Silver 10. 6 Tin 7. 184 zinc 7. 19
Physical Property • Malleability • The ability to be pounded into thin sheets. • Example: • Aluminum can be rolled or pounded into sheets to make foil. • Ductility • The ability to be drawn or pulled into a wire • Example • Copper in wiring – soldering wires or joints
Physical Property • Solubility • The ability to dissolve in another substance. • Example: • Sugar or salt dissolve in water • Three ways to increase solubility • Heat or make warmer • Grind or smash • Stir or mix
Physical Property • Thermal Conductivity • The ability to transfer thermal energy from one area to another. • Examples: • Plastic foam is a poor conductor, so a hot drink won’t burn your hand. • The inside of the toaster (hot coils)
While you wait……. . • Find your assigned seat • Take out your notebook, and a pen or pencil • Pick up Captured chemicals lab
Physical Property • State of Matter • The physical form in which a substance exists at room temperature, such as: • Solid – matter has a definite shape and volume • Liquid – matter takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume • Gas – matter changes in both shape and volume
STATES OF MATTER SOLIDS • Particles of solids are tightly packed, vibrating about a fixed position. • Solids have a definite shape and a definite volume. Heat
STATES OF MATTER LIQUID § Particles of liquids are tightly packed, but are far enough apart to slide over one another. § Liquids have an indefinite shape and a definite volume. Heat
STATES OF MATTER GAS § Particles of gases are very far apart and move freely. § Gases have an indefinite shape and an indefinite volume. Heat
Chemical Property • A property of matter that describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties. • Combustibility • Flammability • Reactivity • Acids • Bases • Oxidation
Chemical Properties q Can be observed with your senses. q Are Not as easy to observe as physical properties q. Example: q Flammability – Only when wood burns q Combustibility – Only when fireworks explode q Reactivity – Only when iron Oxidizes (rust)
Physical Change • A change that affects one or more physical properties of a substance. • Do Not form new substances. • Can often be Undone • Example Butter on counter can be placed back in refrigerator. • Change of State • Solid to Liquid • Liquid to Gas
Chemical Change • A change that occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties. • Can Not change back under normal conditions (some can be changed back by other chemical means) • Common Examples: • • Reactivity – Oxidation (rust) on a bicycle p. H (Acid / Base) – Effervescent tablets Flammability – Burnt wood Combustibility - Fireworks
5 Signs of a Chemical Change • The only sure way to know there has been a chemical change is the observance of a new substance formed • Sometimes that is hard to do, so look for the signs…….
Sign 1 a Chemical Change • Odor Production-this is an odor far different from what it should smell like • Ex: Rotting eggs, food in fridge, decomposing flesh
2 nd Sign of a Chemical Change • Change in Temperature • Exothermic-When energy is released do during the chemical change ex: wood burning
Change in Temperature • Endothermic- Energy is absorbed causing a decrease in temperature of the reactant material ex: cold pack in first aid kit
3 rd Sign of a Chemical Change in Color Ex: fruit changing color when it ripens, leaves changing color in the Autumn, dying your hair
4 th sign of a Chemical Change • Formation of Bubbles • This can indicate the presence of a gas. Bubbles produced when boiling water is not a chemical change.
5 th Sign of a Chemical Change • Formation of a Precipitate • When two liquids are combined and a solid is produced
Captured Chemicals Lab Chemical vs. Physical changes Safety • Gloves • Goggles • Phones are put away • Read instructions carefully
Exit Discussion • What are some of the chemical changes that you observed in the lab? • What combinations of chemicals are responsible for those changes
Exit Ticket • An unknown metal has a density. 8. 19 cm 3 and a mass of 25 g, what is the volume? • A block of ice has a volume of 3. 14 cm 3 and a mass of 11. 4 g, what is the density • What is the difference between a physical and chemical property?
- Sit in your assigned seat
- Sit in your assigned seat
- Sit in your assigned seat
- Sit in your assigned seat
- While cleaning your apartment you find a $50 bill
- You take $100 you had kept
- Should you take notes while reading
- Albuterol costco
- Maintain your assigned protective mask
- Welcome please take a seat
- Please come in and take a seat
- Please take a seat
- What tasks do you think were assigned to the dog and the ox
- H-n-h-h polar or nonpolar
- You put your right foot in you put your right foot out
- If you scuff electrons from your feet while walking
- What can you do to control your emotions while driving
- While do loop
- Sex can wait thin your paint
- Wait for your turn compound sentence
- Aodhan king alexander pappas
- Do you love rain
- Take a bus or take a train
- And think this heart all evil shed away
- Hooray cheered gilda. does that mean we can stay?
- When you take something that doesn't belong to you
- 5 apples in a basket riddle
- 10 examples of zero conditional sentences
- What do these sentences express
- Sit on your seat
- Hey hey people
- Independent vs dependent variable
- Each element has an assigned
- An african elephant can reach heights of 13 feet
- It's friday night and skyler has been assigned
- Yakima county superior court clerk