Which phrase best describes the focus of ecology

Which phrase best describes the focus of ecology? A. B. C. D. Individual organisms Individual cells Interactions among organisms Interactions among cells

What is the term for a group of different species in a given area? A. B. C. D. Population Ecosystem Community Biome

Which level of organization in ecology is a major regional or global community of A. An ecosystem organisms? B. Population C. Community D. Biome

A. B. C. D. Studying a virtual ecosystem on a computer is an example of Experimentation Modeling Surveying Observation

A. B. C. D. Which of the following is the best example of an observation study? A quadrant sample A laboratory experiment A computer program A population model

Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem? A. B. C. D. Sunlight Stream Tree Rock

Wind is considered to be an abiotic factor because it A. B. C. D. Is not related to biodiversity Is a nonliving thing Is in equilibrium Is not in any ecosystem

A. B. C. D. A rainforest has a high level of biodiversity because it has Many abiotic factors Some endangered species Few connections between living things A wide variety of living things

A keystone species is a species that A. B. C. D. Goes unnoticed if its numbers decrease Alters an area by building bridges and dams Leads to a decrease in an area’s biodiversity Has an unusually large impact on its ecosystem.

Beavers are sometimes trapped for their fur. What could be one effect of increased trapping of beavers in an area? A. B. C. D. Biodiversity among the area’s fish would increase The number of herons and kingfishers would decrease There would be more nesting areas for waterfowl More trees would be cut down

An organism that makes its own food is called a A. B. C. D. Consumer Producer Heterotroph Chloroplast

A moose is considered to be a consumer because it A. B. C. D. Gets energy by eating other resources Makes its own food Forms carbohydrates using chemicals Uses sunlight for energy

The basis for the energy in an ecosystem is provided by A. B. C. D. Consumers Heterotrophs Chemosynthesis Producers

Most producers get energy from the sun using the process of A. B. C. D. Respiration Consumption Photosynthesis Chemosynthesis

Chemosynthesis is the process in which organisms A. B. C. D. Form carbohydrates using chemicals Get energy by eating other organisms Make chemicals that absorb sunlight Use energy from the sun to form carbohydrates

A model that shows a single sequence of feeding relationships is called a A. B. C. D. Trophic level Food chain Food web Feeding chain

A. B. C. D. Decomposers are important to ecosystems because they Return vital nutrients to the environment Are producers Capture energy from the Sun Can be omnivores

Giant pandas eat bamboo almost exclusively. For this reason giant pandas are an example of a(n) A. B. C. D. carnivore Omnivore Generalist Specialist

A food chain contains oak trees (producer), mice (herbivore), black snakes (carnivore), and bald eagle (carnivore). How many trophic levels does this food chain have? A. B. C. D. One Two Three Four

Food webs are models that show A. B. C. D. One sequence of producer and consumer Network of feeding relationships Stored energy in food chains Only primary consumers in an ecosystem

The water cycle, in which water moves from the atmosphere, to the surface, below ground and back is called A. Biogeochemical cycle B. Oxygen cycle C. Hydrologic cycle D. Nitrogen cycle

Which two biogeochemical cycles depend directly on photosynthesis? A. B. C. D. Hydrologic cycle and oxygen cycle Carbon cycle and phosphorous cycle Nitrogen cycle and phosphorous cycle Oxygen cycle and carbon cycle

Fossil fuels are part of which of the following cycles? A. B. C. D. Oxygen Carbon Nitrogen Phosphorous

What happens during the process of nitrogen fixation? A. B. C. D. Bacteria changes ammonium into nitrate Bacteria grows on nodules on plant roots Bacteria absorb ammonia and excrete ammonium Bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia

Where does most of the phosphorous cycle take place? A. B. C. D. In the atmosphere At and below ground level On fungi near plant roots Close to rocky terrain

Each level in a food chain contains less energy than the one below it because some energy is A. B. C. D. Added to the system Lost as heat Consumed by carnivores Incorporated into biomass

The term biomass refers to the total A. B. C. D. Dry mass of the organisms in a given area Unused material excreted as waste Producer-to-consumer ratio Mass of all living things on Earth

A diagram that shows how available energy is distributed among trophic levels in an ecosystem is called a(n) A. B. C. D. Food pyramid Pyramid of numbers Food web Energy pyramid

A biomass pyramid is a diagram that compares the A. B. C. D. Masses of different organisms Number of different organisms Biomass of different trophic levels Distribution of energy in trophic levels

A diagram that shows the numbers of individual organisms at each trophic level in an ecosystem is called a(n) A. B. C. D. Biomass pyramid Pyramid of numbers Energy pyramid Inverted pyramid