Where are the nonmetals located in the periodic

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Where are the non-metals located in the periodic table? In the top right-hand corner.

Where are the non-metals located in the periodic table? In the top right-hand corner.

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called? Periods.

What are the horizontal rows in the periodic table called? Periods.

What are the vertical columns called? Groups.

What are the vertical columns called? Groups.

What is the name of Group 1? The Alkali Metals.

What is the name of Group 1? The Alkali Metals.

What is the name of Group 7? The Halogens.

What is the name of Group 7? The Halogens.

What is the name of Group 0? The Noble Gases.

What is the name of Group 0? The Noble Gases.

Elements in the same group have the same number of what? The same number

Elements in the same group have the same number of what? The same number of outer electrons.

Do elements in the same group have similar chemical or similar physical properties? Similar

Do elements in the same group have similar chemical or similar physical properties? Similar chemical properties.

Name the first four halogens. 1. Fluorine 2. Chlorine 3. Bromine 4. Iodine

Name the first four halogens. 1. Fluorine 2. Chlorine 3. Bromine 4. Iodine

What happens to the reactivity of the halogens as you go down the group

What happens to the reactivity of the halogens as you go down the group (increasing atomic number)? They become less reactive.

What happens to the colour of these elements down the group? They become darker

What happens to the colour of these elements down the group? They become darker in colour.

What happens to the boiling point of these elements down the group? Their boiling

What happens to the boiling point of these elements down the group? Their boiling points increase.

What does fluorine look like? A pale yellow gas.

What does fluorine look like? A pale yellow gas.

What does chlorine look like? A green gas.

What does chlorine look like? A green gas.

Name two uses for chlorine 1. Killing bacteria in water. 2. Making bleaches.

Name two uses for chlorine 1. Killing bacteria in water. 2. Making bleaches.

What does bromine look like? A red -brown liquid (which evaporates easily to make

What does bromine look like? A red -brown liquid (which evaporates easily to make an orange-brown gas).

What colour is bromine dissolved in water? Orange-brown.

What colour is bromine dissolved in water? Orange-brown.

What is the name of the compound formed when potassium reacts with bromine? Potassium

What is the name of the compound formed when potassium reacts with bromine? Potassium bromide

What colour is this compound when dissolved in water? Colourless.

What colour is this compound when dissolved in water? Colourless.

What does iodine look like? A shiny grey-black solid (which produces a purple gas

What does iodine look like? A shiny grey-black solid (which produces a purple gas when gently heated).

What is this iodine solution used for? An antiseptic.

What is this iodine solution used for? An antiseptic.

What is the name of the compound formed when sodium reacts with iodine? Sodium

What is the name of the compound formed when sodium reacts with iodine? Sodium iodide.

What colour is this compound when dissolved in water? Colourless.

What colour is this compound when dissolved in water? Colourless.

What is the name of compounds of the halogens? Halides.

What is the name of compounds of the halogens? Halides.

What is the Group Number of the Alkali Metals? The alkali metals are in

What is the Group Number of the Alkali Metals? The alkali metals are in group 1

Why are the Alkali Metals stored under oil? The alkali metals are all highly

Why are the Alkali Metals stored under oil? The alkali metals are all highly reactive, losing their one outer electron to form a 1+ ion with non-metals. They have to be stored under oil, or they react with oxygen in the air.

Give two Properties of the Alkali Metals? They all have the common properties of

Give two Properties of the Alkali Metals? They all have the common properties of metals, being silvery-grey in colour, and good conductors of heat and electricity. They are unusually soft, and can easily be cut with a knife.

Going down the Group, do the Alkali Metals become More Reactive? As you go

Going down the Group, do the Alkali Metals become More Reactive? As you go down group 1 from lithium to francium, the alkali metals Are more reactive. As the size of the atoms increase, the outer electron (which it wants to lose to become a stable ion) is further and further from the positive nucleus. It is the attraction between the negative outer electron and the positive nucleus which determines how easily the electron will be lost. The bigger the atom, the further away the outer electron is, the more easily the outer electron is lost, and the more reactive the metal is.

Write the Word Equation for the reaction when Potassium burns in Air. sodium +

Write the Word Equation for the reaction when Potassium burns in Air. sodium + oxygen sodium oxide. 4 Na(s) + O 2(g) 2 Na 2 O(s)

What Colour is the Flame from Potassium? Potassium burns in air with a lilac

What Colour is the Flame from Potassium? Potassium burns in air with a lilac flame

Write two things you would see in the reaction between Sodium and Water. Sodium

Write two things you would see in the reaction between Sodium and Water. Sodium melts and forms a ball which fizzes over the surface of the water as it gives off hydrogen gas.

Give one Use of Sodium Chloride? Sodium chloride is common salt. It is used

Give one Use of Sodium Chloride? Sodium chloride is common salt. It is used in the food industry as a flavouring and as a preservative. It is also mixed with grit and spread on roads to prevent them freezing in cold conditions.

Give one Use of Sodium Carbonate? Sodium carbonate (called soda, or washing soda) is

Give one Use of Sodium Carbonate? Sodium carbonate (called soda, or washing soda) is used in the manufacture of glass and to make water soft, replacing calcium ions with sodium ions.

Where do you find the Transition Metals in the Periodic Table? The transition metals

Where do you find the Transition Metals in the Periodic Table? The transition metals occupy the central block of the periodic table. They are not a group (there is no group number) but are a collection of metals with common properties. They are sometimes called a family of metals.

Do the Transition Metals Conduct Electricity? 1) All have the common properties of metals

Do the Transition Metals Conduct Electricity? 1) All have the common properties of metals being good conductors of heat and electricity

Do the Transition Metals form Coloured Compounds? They are silvery-grey in colour, except copper,

Do the Transition Metals form Coloured Compounds? They are silvery-grey in colour, except copper, Cu, (pink-brown) and gold, Au, (golden).

Give one Use of Copper? 1) Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and

Give one Use of Copper? 1) Copper is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat. 2) Copper is soft, easily bent and shaped (malleable). 3) Copper is resistant to corrosion (very unreactive).

What is the Group Number of the Halogens? The Halogens - Group 7.

What is the Group Number of the Halogens? The Halogens - Group 7.

What does Diatomic mean? Diatomic means that each molecule contains two atoms. The formulae

What does Diatomic mean? Diatomic means that each molecule contains two atoms. The formulae are F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, I 2

Going down the Group, do the Halogens become More Reactive? 2) The halogens become

Going down the Group, do the Halogens become More Reactive? 2) The halogens become less reactive as you go down the group. Fluorine is the most reactive, astatine the least. As the size of the atoms increase, the extra outer electron (which it wants to gain or share to become a stable ion or molecule) is further and further from the positive nucleus. It is the attraction between the negative incoming electron and the positive nucleus which determines how easily the electron will be gained. The smaller the atom, the closer the incoming outer electron is, the more easily it is gained, and the more reactive the halogen is. Also, the smaller the atom, the less shielding there is.

Going down the Group, do the Halogens have a Higher Boiling Point? Have higher

Going down the Group, do the Halogens have a Higher Boiling Point? Have higher melting and boiling points because the atoms are heavier.

What does Hydrogen Chloride make when it is Dissolved in Water? It dissolves to

What does Hydrogen Chloride make when it is Dissolved in Water? It dissolves to form hydrochloric acid.

What is the Group Number of the Noble Gases? The Noble Gases - Group

What is the Group Number of the Noble Gases? The Noble Gases - Group 0.

What does Monatomic mean? Monatomic means that they exist as single atoms.

What does Monatomic mean? Monatomic means that they exist as single atoms.

Going down the Group, do the Noble Gases have a Higher Boiling Point? Going

Going down the Group, do the Noble Gases have a Higher Boiling Point? Going down the group from helium to radon, the density increases. The melting and boiling point increases because the atoms become heavier (bigger) and require more energy to melt or boil

Give one Use of Helium 1) Is used in balloons and airships (not hot

Give one Use of Helium 1) Is used in balloons and airships (not hot air balloons!). It is less dense than air (it will float) and it is safe, since it will not burn (unlike hydrogen). 2) Helium mixed with oxygen is used by deep sea divers. If normal air is used, the nitrogen in the air (78%) will dissolve in the blood as the diver goes deep under the sea because the water pressure increases. As the diver comes back up to the surface, nitrogen comes back out of the blood as tiny bubbles. This is extremely painful (called 'The Bends'). Helium will not dissolve in the blood and so the problem is avoided

Give one Use of Neon? 1) Is used in advertising signs. Neon glows red

Give one Use of Neon? 1) Is used in advertising signs. Neon glows red when an electric current is passed through it. 2) Is the 'starter gas' in sodium street lamps. Neon conducts electricity when the lamp is first switched on, and warms the lamp until the sodium vapourises, which then conducts and glows yellow. The yellow mixes with the red neon and the lamp appears to be orange. This is why street lamps glow red first and then orange. 3) Neon is used with helium in some lasers. (The common red laser is helium-neon).

Give one Use of Argon? 1) Is the gas used to fill electric light

Give one Use of Argon? 1) Is the gas used to fill electric light bulbs. It prevents the very hot tungsten filament (wire) from burning out (reacting with oxygen in the air). 2) Is the cheapest noble gas since it is present as about 1% of the air. It is used wherever a cheap inert atmosphere is required, for example the extraction of titanium or metal welding (inert atmosphere means unreactive gas). 3) Is used in lasers.

Give one Example of a Transition Metal Used as a Catalyst. Transition metals often

Give one Example of a Transition Metal Used as a Catalyst. Transition metals often make good catalysts for particular reactions. For example, Iron in the Haber Process. Manganese(IV) oxide in the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Vanadium(V) oxide in the contact process (making sulphuric acid). Platinum in the manufacture of nitric acid. Nickel in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils (to make margarines and soft-spreads).