Wheat Weeds Insects Presentation by Chad Lee Grain

Most of the information comes from: ID-125: A Comprehensive Guide to Wheat Management in

Objectives • Weed management options • Insect management options Chad Lee © 2006 University

Weed Management • Burndown Herbicides (no-till) – Gramoxone • contact, acts quickly, spray coverage critical – Glyphosate • systemic, acts slowly, coverage less critical Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 4

Weed Management • Fall and Spring Applications – Buctril • mustards, field pennycress – Harmony Extra XP • common chickweed, curly dock, henbit, mustards, pennycress, shepherd’s-purse, wild garlic Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 5

Weed Management • Fall or Spring Application • Hoelon – annual ryegrass • Osprey – annual ryegrass Apply one application only, prior to joint (Feekes 6) http: //forages. oregonstate. edu/ Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 6

Weed Management • Fall and Spring Applications – Banvel • shepherd’s-purse, garlic • Only on tillered, established stands – 2, 4 -D • mustards, pennycress, shepherd’s-purse • Only on tillered, established stands Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 7

Weed Management • Fall and Spring Applications – Sencor • common chickweed, henbit, mustards, pennycress, shepherd’s-purse • Only on wheat varieties recommended on Sencor label Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 8

Weed Management • Preharvest Treatments – Glyphosate – 2, 4 -D Chad Lee ©

Insect Management Oct Aphids Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun a, b Armyworm Fall Armywormb Cereal Leaf Beetle Hessian Flyb Figure 8 -1. Small Grain Insect Scouting Calendar The red portions indicate periods of possible economic populations. a Early planting and warm fall weather increase potential for aphids and BYDV. b Wheat planted before October 15 is subject to attack by this insect. Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 10

Insect Management: Aphids • Transmits Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus • Scout in Fall: until

Insect Management: Aphids • Scouting heads prior to Feekes 10. 1 • Scout entire plant, esp. near soil line prior to heading. • Count aphids per plant in 1 -ft row. • Repeat two more times across the field. Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 12

Insect Management: Aphids Number of aphids per foot of wheat row required to support an insecticide application for management of BYD. Crop age (post Aphids/Foot of emergence) Row 30 days 3 30 to 60 days 6 More than 60 days 10 http: //www. uky. edu/Agriculture/PAT/recs/crop/recgrn/smgaph 2. htm Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 13

Insect Management: Aphids • Scouting heads after Feekes 10. 1 • Count aphids per head in 1 -ft row. • Repeat two more times across the field. Rating Number of Aphids 0 – none 1 – slight Threshold Level < 50 2 – moderate 50 – 100 3 – severe > 100 Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 14

Insect Management: Aphids 2. 56 to 3. 84 fl oz Foliar Insecticide 30 (Grain and hay) Days to Harvest Rate per Acre Di-Syston 8 E (Disulfoton) 4 to 12 fl oz 30 (Do not graze or cut forage) Lannate 90 SP (methomyl) 1/4 to 1/2 lb 7 (Grain) 10 (Grazing or feeding) Malathion 57% EC (Malathion) 1 1/2 to 2 pts 7 Mustang Max (Wheat only) 3. 2 to 4. 0 fl. oz. 14 (grain, forage & hay) Penncap-M (Methyl parathion) 2 to 3 pts 15 (Harvest or grazing) Warrior (Lambda-cyhalothrin) 2. 56 to 3. 84 fl oz 30 (Grain and hay) http: //www. uky. edu/Agriculture/PAT/recs/crop/recgrn/smgaph 2. htm Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 15

Insect Management: Hessian Fly • Larvae are found between leaf sheath and stalk at base of plant. • Scout once after first frost in fall and from early spring until June. • Thin, stunted, chlorotic patches in the field. • No rescue treatment. Chad Lee © 2006 University of Kentucky 16