Whats in a name The difference between Project

What’s in a name? The difference between Project Lifecycle & Project Management Process By: Michael S. Andre Identity Services

Everything is special. . . and has a name. . . K a n b a n AGILE K O B PM Waterfall Waterfall COBIT 6Ϭ SDLC PRi. SM I T I L Prince 2 SCRUM A. D. D. I. E. Sashimi Criterion Referenced Instruction ISO 21500 Capability Maturity Model Identity Services CO SO

Every project should use a project life cycle framework and every project should use a project management method: depending on who you talk to, they are not the same thing. Identity Services

• Frameworks are created by practitioners to support how to “do” work in a project. • Project management (methods) support how you “manage” a project. Identity Services

Project Life Cycle (framework) Project Management (method/standard/knowledge base) • The PM method “typically” does not vary from project to project: plan – do – check - act • PM methods are standard or criteria based, Life cycle methods can differ between projects based upon industry, venue, size, requirements • Used to define, plan, control, monitor, and close ANY project (manage the project) • Work that is being done to build the project deliverables • Project management is used to build the schedule • The majority of the work in the project schedule is the lifecycle work (tasks/activities) • PM Methodology (PMBOK) or otherwise is exercised in every phase, (piece, section, iteration, sprint, span, ) of the lifecycle • Logical arrangement of activities to achieve project goals or objectives (manage the work) • Looks at and affects the project as whole – i. e. holistic • Life cycle stages are linear and are carried out to • accomplish project goals and objectives • Not the same thing as “Product” life cycle • Often have their origins in a particular industry, venue, or process • Project methods always progressively elaborate and evolve over the duration of the project Identity Services

Warm Up. . . 1. How do you put a giraffe into a refrigerator? Stop and think about it. a. Open the refrigerator, put in the giraffe, and close the door. This question tests whether you tend to do simple things in an overly complicated way. 2. How do you put an elephant into a refrigerator? a. Did you say, Open the refrigerator, put in the elephant, and close the refrigerator? b. Correct Answer: Open the refrigerator, take out the giraffe, put in the elephant, and close the door. This tests your ability to think through the repercussions of your previous actions. 3. The Lion King is hosting an animal conference. All the animals attend. . . Except one. Which animal does not attend? a. The Elephant. The elephant is in the refrigerator. You just put him in there. This tests your memory. 4. Okay, even if you did not answer the first three questions correctly, you still have one more chance to show your true abilities. There is a river you must cross but it is used by crocodiles, and you do not have a boat. How do you manage it? a. Correct Answer: You jump into the river and swim across. Haven’t you been listening? All the crocodiles are attending the Animal Conference. This tests whether you learn quickly from your mistakes. Identity Services

Project Life Cycle or Project Management Method? Model SCRUM What is it Proj Life Cycle Framework Where Typically Used Origin Academia (Takeuchi & Nonaka) Evolved from academia and private Agile Proj Life Cycle Framework System/Software Development sector PMBOK PM Method Any Project Management Institute Kanban Proj Life Cycle Framework Any Project Toyota (Ohno) A. D. D. I. E Instructional Design Framewrk Instructional Design & Delivery Florida State University Sashimi Proj Life Cycle Framework System/Software Development Private sector (de Grace) Private sector (Motorola – Smith, GE – Six Sigma Proj Life Cycle Framework Manufacturing Welch) Critical Chain PM Method Any Project Private sector (Goldratt) Criterion Ref. Instructional Design Framewrk Instructional Design & Delivery Academia (Mager) ISACA (Information Audit and Controls COBIT IT Governance Framework Any IT Organization Assc. ) Prince 2 PM Method Any Project Government (U. K. ) COSO Internal Gov & Controls FW Any Organization, Industry or Venue Private Sector Capability Maturity Proj Life Cycle Framework ITIL ITSM Framework ISO 21500 PM Method Waterfall Proj Life Cycle Framework System/Software Development Processes Government Govt, Private sector and academia Any Organization, Industry, or Venue (Nolan, SEI, CMU) Any Project Private Sector Evolved in academia & private sector System/Software Development (Royce [antagonist] et. al. ) Identity Services

Project Management PMBOK Agile Waterfall ISO 21500 Prince 2 PRi. SM Project Life Cycle Kanban Agile Waterfall Identity Services SCRUM

Project Management is how you govern a project, the project life cycle (span) is a microcosm of that event – Agile and Waterfall are examples of methods used to do project work. PROJECT MANAGEMENT CYCLE (standard or method) PROJECT LIFE SPAN (cycle) (different for every model) INITIATE Analysis Design Develop Implement Evaluate Maintenance PLAN EXECUTE MONITOR & CONTROL CLOSE Identity Services

Differences Between Waterfall & Agile Waterfall Origins go back to incremental software design in 1957 – Agile manifesto created in 2001 Origins go back to programming methodology in 1956 – term coined as early as 1976 Adaptive in nature, in particular as it pertains to quality and testing, caters to change adaptive = empirical Predictive in nature, defined by phases, great documentation, not flexible to requirements change Short iterations, repeating the same cycle Phase must be completed before going to the next phase SCRUM is a type of Agile framework defined by stand up meetings, sprints, specific terminology like SCRUM Master Sashimi is a type of “agile” waterfall, defined by portions of phases being revisited (overlapped) Uses loosely structured approach Has highly structured approach In a true agile environment, resources are co-located Resources are distributed Uses paired programming Uses sophisticated test plans Final Costs often difficult to estimate Costs estimation can be more accurate Identity Services

Agile or Waterfall It doesn’t matter which one you “like”“effectiveness” better • What ismatter which one enhances your • It • matters, doesn’t which one you “think” is better Identity Services

YOU! At the end of the day, the thing that makes a project “better” is. . . Identity Services