What was the fundamentalist movement Fundamentalism religious movement

What was the fundamentalist movement? • Fundamentalism: religious movement from fear the country was losing its traditional values – Rejected evolution (Darwin’s theory that humans developed from lower forms of life) – Embraced creationism (belief that the world was created as described in the Bible) – Rise of Evangelical preachers: Billy Sunday and Aimee Semple Mc. Pherson

What was the fundamentalist movement? • Scopes Monkey Trial – 1925: TN passed Butler Act • Outlawed teaching of evolution in schools – John Scopes volunteered to teach it anyway • Knew he’d be arrested and tried – Scopes was found guilty and fined $100, BUT seen as defeat for Fundamentalist movement

• Homework—take notes on following sections: Why did Americans place limits on immigration during the 1920 s? – “Controlling Immigration” on page 484

What was prohibition? • Prohibition: ban on alcohol • 18 th Amendment made illegal the sale, production, and transport of alcohol – Volstead Act gave federal government power to enforce it – Alcohol markets went underground • 21 st Amendment repealed prohibition

• Warren G. Harding How successful was Harding’s presidency? – The Good • Return to normalcy, calm after WWI • Budget and Accounting Act of 1921—got spending under control • Treaty to reduce naval weapons – The Bad • Gambler and a womanizer • Died of a heart attack • Scandals came out after death – Teapot Dome – Books about him: Poisoned by wife? Affair?

• Calvin Coolidge How successful was Coolidge’s presidency? – Background • Took over after death of Harding • Known as “Silent Cal” • Was a lawyer and governor of Mass. – The Good • Kept budget low, lowered taxes, and enacted pro-business policies – The Bad • Didn’t foresee Great Depression, but neither did his cabinet

How did African Americans impact politics in the 1920 s? • National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) – Protested the horrors of lynching – Blocked appointment of alleged racist John Parker from US Supreme Court

• Great Migration How did African Americans impact politics in the 1920 s? – Increased numbers in northern cities increased voting power – Elected Oscar De. Priest, first black representative in Congress

• Marcus Garvey and Black Nationalism How did African Americans impact politics in the 1920 s? – Take notes on the section, “Black Nationalism and Marcus Garvey” on page 501 -502 – Or view the You. Tube video, https: //www. youtube. com/watch ? v=vr. NCMSODtyw

• Mass production: large scale production What new industries were created in the 1920 s? – Increased supply AND demand, reduced costs • Virtuous cycles of growth – New household appliances, beauty/hygiene products became available

• Airline industry What new industries were created in the 1920 s? – 1925: Kelly Act—planes used to delivery mail – 1927: Charles Lindbergh flew across Atlantic on the Spirit of St. Louis • Radio industry – 1926: National Broadcasting Company (NBC) – 1928: Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS) – Permanent national network with news, shows, music

• Crisis on the Farms How did farmers do during the 1920 s? – WWI: Farmers went into debt to buy new technology and land • Lack of demand after war meant falling prices – Fordney-Mc. Cumber Act: raise tariffs to protect farms • Europe stopped buying American crops

How did new products change society for consumers? • Take notes on the following sections – “The Consumer Society” on page 518 -519

How did the Harlem Renaissance impact society in the 1920 s? • Harlem Renaissance: flowering of African American arts • Authors wrote about the African American experience – Claude Mc. Kay: poetry about American racism – Langston Hughes: poet and leading voice about what it meant to be Black in America

• Jazz: Ragged rhythms and instrumental improvisation How did the Harlem Renaissance impact society in the 1920 s? – Louis Armstrong: first great jazz trumpet player – Duke Ellington: played in NYC speakeasies & clubs • Blues: from Black spirituals about failed love, poverty, and oppression – Bessie Smith: emotional blues singer • Cotton Club and Apollo Theater: Harlem nightclubs where jazz/blues musicians played

• Mass media: radio, movies, newspapers, and magazines What entertainment did Americans enjoy during the 1920 s? – Broke down local interests and created a national experience • Economic success meant free time • Hollywood – Silent film era—piano players and subtitles – First “talking” picture in 1927

• Americans enjoyed playing and watching sports What entertainment did Americans enjoy during the 1920 s? – Baseball/Babe Ruth: worldwide celebrity – Boxing/Jack Dempsey: heavyweight champion from 1919 -1926 – Football/Red Grange: running back for University of Illinois known as the “Galloping Ghost”

How did women’s roles in society change during the 1920 s? • Use your video note-taking strategy for these two videos on flappers – https: //www. youtube. com/watch ? v=np. B 9 ltho-NE – https: //www. youtube. com/watch ? v=Qeg. Ignar. TH 4

What styles of art/literature were popular in the 1920 s? • Take notes on the following sections – “Art and Literature” on page 492 -494