What makes something alive What are living things

What makes something alive ?

What are living things? There are certain criteria that determine if something is living. Do ALL 9 criteria have to be met? Yes, ALL 9 criteria must be met.

Organism l Anything that possesses all of the following characteristics of life. l Living things R-CHARGEED !!

R - eproduce All living things produce offspring. Making copies of individuals by genetic transfer, sexually or asexually.

C - ells -Living organisms show an orderly structure (made up of cells) Cross-section of worm Examples: Leaf Centipede

H - omeostasis The ability to maintain internal conditions separate from an outside environment. Example: The human body maintains an average temperature of 98. 6 ºF.

A - dapt to the environment R - espond to stimuli A living organism will respond to an environmental condition called a stimulus. An adaptation is any characteristic of an organism that improves its chances of surviving in its environment A plant growing in a specific direction due to a light stimulus.

Living things change l -living things interact with the environment, and adjust to their surroundings l -environment- biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors that an organism must constantly interact with (air, water, temperature, other organisms, etc. )

G - rowth D - evelopment l Getting Bigger / Increasing material l All of the changes that take place during the life of an organism. Maturing. Growth rings in a tree Amoeba absorbing nutrients

E - energy Metabolism. Chemical and energy transformations. All organisms need energy for all life activities. Even thinking requires a considerable amount of energy. Transforming glucose into ATP for energy (to do work).

E - evolve The gradual accumulation of adaptations due to environmental stimuli. (Organisms with more suitable adaptations are more likely to survive and reproduce) Example: Owls, and other nocturnal animals have evolved large eyes for better night vision.

Alright, let’s see how well you paid attention Review the lab findings

Classify the fetal pig Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the fish Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the conch shell Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the grasshopper Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Hedgehog! Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify Plant Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the cotton Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the wood block Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the synthetic sponge Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the candle Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the egg Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How did you know? ? ?

Classify the beans Alive 2. Dead but once alive 3. Never alive 4. Product of a living thing 1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How many characteristics of life must an organism possess to be considered alive? 1 3 5 2 and a half All of them 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

All of the following are characteristics of life except… Organized Grow and Develop Adapt Maintain internal conditions Move Reproduce 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Which of the following characteristics of life are not required for an organism to survive but instead to ensure survival of an entire species? Organized Grow and Develop Adapt Maintain internal conditions Move Reproduce 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

How are living things organized? There are various levels of organization: Let’s start small and get bigger.

1) Atoms are the smallest unit of matter that have the chemical properties of a particular element. Examples: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen…

2) Molecules that are the small building blocks from which larger molecules are made. Examples: Glucose Amino Acid Water

3) Macromolecules Large molecules consisting of many subunits. Examples: Protein Cellulose

4) Organelles Specialized structures inside of a cell. Examples: Mitochondria Cell Membrane

5) Cells The smallest unit of biological organization that biologists consider alive. Example:

6) Tissue A group of distinct and similar cells that carry out a specific set of functions. Examples: Muscle Skin

7) Organ Groups of tissues organized together to carry out a particular set of functions. Examples: Brain Stomach

8) Organ System Groups of organs that function together to carry out broad sets of functions. Example:

9) Organism (or individual) Individual that has its own distinct existence as a complex, reproducing unit. Examples:

10) Population Group of freely interacting and breeding individuals of the same species. Examples: School of fish Herd of Zebra

11) Community Populations of different species living and interacting together in a distinct area. Example: Marine community

12) Ecosystem Distinguishable groups of species and the abiotic (non-living) components of the environment with which the living creatures interact. Examples:

13. ) Biome l Geographically defined area based on climate and environmental conditions.

14. ) Biosphere l I’m sure you can figure this one out!