WHAT IS WEATHER WEATHER Weather describes the conditions
WHAT IS WEATHER? WEATHER Weather describes the conditions of the atmosphere at a given place and time.
WEATHER – FOUR MAIN ELEMENTS Temperature Moisture Wind Air Pressure The interaction of these ingredients is what makes our weather
AIR 99% of air is made of the following: Nitrogen Oxygen
RELATIVE HUMIDITY The amount of water vapor in the air When the air is holding the maximum moisture we say the air is saturated The dew point is the point when air becomes saturated
PRECIPITATION Rain Snow Sleet Hail
TEMPERATURE The degree of hotness or coldness measured Thermometer Fahrenheit: Freeze at 32 degrees Boil at 212 degrees Celsius: (internationally accepted) Freeze at 0 degrees Boil at 100 degrees
WIND Air movement Caused by the uneven heating of the earth’s surface Warm air rises Measured by an anemometer
AIR AND AIR PRESSURE The weight of the atmosphere pushing down Temperature differences cause changes Barometers measure air pressure
AIR AND AIR PRESSURE Wind always blows from high to low pressure All weather occurs in the bottom layer of atmosphere 6 miles high Weather systems move because of energy from sun
HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE Low pressure brings strong wind, clouds and rain High pressure is dry, some clouds Winter: cold weather, few clouds so ground heat escapes Summer: good weather, few clouds block sun
AIR AND AIR PRESSURE The wind moves warm and cold air across the earth. Equator: air warm and light = low pressure North Pole and South Pole: pressure higher
AIR AND AIR PRESSURE Here is the air pressure cycle: 4. Warm air continues to Cooler air rushes in, 1. Sun Heats Ground rise and then cools off. Cooler air sinks causing a high pressure 3. Warm air rises causing low pressure on the ground 2. Air above the ground warms up.
HIGH AND LOW PRESSURE
CLIMATE The average weather of a location.
FOUR WAYS CLIMATE IS AFFECTED 1. Distance from equator determines temperature 2. Ocean currents impact climate Inland: cold winter & hot summer Coastal: cool winter & mild summer 3. Height above sea level Higher elevation is cooler 4. Average Rainfall
WILD WEATHER Tornadoes and Hurricanes Blizzard Flood Drought Thunder and Lightning
PEOPLE IN WEATHER Meteorologists are scientists who study weather Weather forecasters predict future weather
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