What is this PH 1600 Introductory Astronomy Lecture

What is this? PH 1600: Introductory Astronomy Lecture 10: Pluto, Minor Planets, and Asteroids

PH 1600: Introductory Astronomy Lecture 10: Pluto, Dwarf Planets, and Asteroids Next Lecture: Comets and Meteors School: Michigan Technological University Professor: Robert Nemiroff Online Course Web. CT pages: http: //courses. mtu. edu/ This class can be taken online ONLY, class attendance is not required!

You are responsible for… ¡ ¡ ¡ Lecture material Listed wikipedia entries l But not higher math APODs posted during the semester l ¡ APOD review every week during lecture Completing the Quizzes l l l Homework quizzes 1 - 4 already due Homework 5 quiz due soon See Web. CT at http: //courses. mtu. edu/

Wikipedia entries: ¡ ¡ Pluto Minor planet l l ¡ Ceres_(dwarf_planet) Haumea_(dwarf_planet) Makemake_(dwarf_planet) Eris_(dwarf_planet) Asteroid 4

Dwarf Planets ¡ ¡ Designation created by IAU during 2006 summer Criteria l l l ¡ Spherical Orbit the Sun Swept out surrounding orbit Pluto, Ceres, Eris, Makemake, Haumea

Eight Planets and New Solar System Designations Credit: International Astronomical Union APOD: 2006 August 28

Our Busy Solar System Credit & Copyright: MPC, CBAT, Harvard Cf. A, IAU APOD: 2006 March 19

Pluto (Dwarf Planet) ¡ ¡ Discovered in 1930 Large Moon: Charon l ¡ Diameter: 2/3 smaller than Earth’s Moon l ¡ Radius=1, 200 km Orbit between 30 and 50 AU l l ¡ Smaller Moons: Nix & Hydra Usually outside of Neptune Period: 248 Earth years Composed of rock and water ice l Thin nitrogen atmosphere

Pluto in True Color Credit: Eliot Young (Sw. RI) et al. , NASA APOD: 2006 September 3

Mysterious Pluto and Charon Credit: . W. Buie (Lowell Observatory) et al. APOD: 2000 April 9

Nix and Hydra Image Credit: M. Mutchler (STSc. I) et al. , ESA, NASA APOD: 2006 June 24

New Horizons Launches to Pluto Image Credit & Copyright: Ben Cooper APOD: 2006 January 24

Kepler’s Three Laws ¡ 1 st Law: Planets orbits in ellipses l ¡ ¡ Sun at one focus 2 nd Law: Planets sweep out equal areas in equal times 3 rd Law: Orbit: Period 2 ~ Radius 3/M

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Kepler%27 s_laws

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Kepler-second-law. svg

Ceres: Asteroid or Planet? Credit: NASA, ESA, J. Parker (Sw. RI) et al. APOD: 2006 August 21

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Ceres_Earth_Moon_Comparison. png

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Ceres_Orbit. svg

Small Worlds Ceres and Vesta Credit : NASA, ESA, L. Mc. Fadden at al. APOD: 2007 June 22

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Eight. TNOs. png

Eris: The Largest Known Dwarf Planet Credit & Copyright: W. M. Keck Observatory APOD: 2006 September 18

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Eris_Orbit. svg

Makemake of the Outer Solar System Credit: R. Hurt (SSC-Caltech), JPL-Caltech, NASA APOD: 2008 July 16 24

Haumea of the Outer Solar System Illustration Credit: NASA APOD: 2008 September 23 25

Red = Pluto Green= Haumea Blue = Makemake http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Makemake_(dwarf_planet)#Orbit_and_classification 26

Quaoar: Large Asteroid in the Outer Solar System Credit: Chad Trujillo & Michael Brown (Caltech) APOD: 2002 October 9

Asteroids ¡ All over our Solar System Unlike comets, show no tail or coma Most in main asteroid belt ¡ Ceres Also called Minor Planets ¡ Apollo: Earth-orbit crossing ¡ ¡ l l ¡ Near Earth Objects (NEOs) Kuiper belt objects l l Also called Trans-Neptunian Objects Pluto & Charon Other dwarf planets & minor planets Surely more out there

Ida and Dactyl: Asteroid and Moon Credit: Galileo Project, JPL, NASA APOD: 2004 June 19

Asteroid Gaspra's Best Face Credit: The Galileo Project, NASA APOD: 1998 July 12

NEAR Mathilde Credit: NEAR Spacecraft Team, JHUAPL, NASA APOD: 1997 June 30

http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Image: Whole. Eros. jpg

Flying Over Asteroid Eros Credit: NEAR Shoemaker Project, JHU APL, NASA APOD: 2000 March 27

The Regolith of Asteroid Eros Credit: NEAR Project, JHU APL, NASA APOD: 2002 March 3

NEAR Spacecraft Survives Landing on Asteroid Eros Credit: NEAR Project, JHU APL, NASA APOD: 2001 February 13

Deep Impact Spacecraft Hurtles Toward Comet Drawing Credit: Pat Rawlings, U. Md. , JPL, NASA APOD: 2005 May 16 36

Credit: Univ. Maryland, JPL-Caltech, NASA APOD: 2005 July 5 37

The Landscape on Comet Tempel 1 Credit: Univ. Maryland, JPL-Caltech, NASA APOD: 2005 July 6 38

Smooth Sections on Asteroid Itokawa Credit & Copyright: ISAS, JAXA APOD: 2005 December 28

Rosetta Spacecraft Passes Asteroid Steins Credit & Copyright: Rosetta Team, ESA APOD: 2008 September 8 40

Asteroid 3753: Earth's Curious Companion Credit & Copyright: P. Weigert (York U. ) et al. APOD: 1997 June 18

Asteroids in the Distance Credit: R. Evans & K. Stapelfeldt (JPL), WFPC 2, HST, NASA APOD: 2005 April 17

Animation of Asteroids Passing Near Earth Credit: MPC, Harvard-Smithsonian Cf. A, IAU APOD: 2006 March 28

Space Rock SQ 222 Noticed After Pass Credit & Copyright: LONEOS, Lowell Observatory APOD: 2003 October 15

The Missing Craters of Asteroid Itokawa Credit & Copyright: ISAS, JAXA APOD: 2005 November 21