What is Matter Matter is anything that takes

What is Matter? Ø Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Ø Mass is the amount of matter in an object. 1

Properties Ø Words that describe matter (adjectives) Ø Physical Properties- a property that can be observed and measured without changing the substance. Ø Chemical Properties- a property that can only be observed by changing the type of substance. 2

States of matter Ø Solid- mater that can not flow and has definite volume. Ø Liquid- definite volume but takes the shape of its container (flows). Ø Gas- a substance without definite volume or shape and can flow. 3

States of Matter Definite Temp. Com. Volume? Shape? increase pressible? Solid Liquid Gas 4 YES NO YES Small Expans. NO NO Large Expans. YES

Condense Freeze Evaporate Melt Solid 5 Liquid Gas

Another Way to Change States Ø Pressure Ø For some substances it will turn solids to liquids Ø For others it will turn liquids to solids – Silly putty Ø Will turn gas to liquid– Compressor in refrigerator and AC 6

Physical Changes ØA change that changes appearances, without changing the composition. Ø Examples? Ø Chemical changes - a change where a new form of matter is formed. Ø Also called chemical reaction. Ø Examples? Ø Not phase changes – Ice is still water. 7

Ø Made Mixtures(rocks!!!) up of two substances. Ø Variable composition. Ø Heterogeneous- mixture is not the same from place to place. Ø Chocolate chip cookie, gravel, soil. Ø Homogeneous- same composition throughout. Ø Kool-aid, air. Ø Every part keeps its properties. 8

Ø Elements- Substances simplest kind of matter Ø Cannot be broken down into simpler Ø All one kind of atom. Ø Compounds (minerals!)are substances that can be broken down by chemical methods Ø When they are broken down, the pieces have completely different properties than the compound. Salt Ø Made of molecules- two or more atoms stuck together (minerals!!) 9

Compound or Mixture Compound 10 Mixture One kind of piece. Molecules More than one kind Molecule or atoms Making is a chemical change Making is a physical change Only one kind Variable composition

Chemical symbols Ø ESRT!! Names of elements on pg 16 Ø Subscripts tell us how many of each atom Ø H 2 O Ø C 3 H 8 Ø HBr. O 3 11