What is government What is a Government Government

What is government ?

What is a Government? • Government: – is an organized way of creating laws/rules that are designed to: • protect the well-being of the general public • help manage conflict – determines who has the power within a country

Types: • CENTRAL – Governs an entire country or organization • LOCAL/REGIONAL – Governs one small portion of a country or organization Both have power, just different types and amounts

Central or Regional? White House

Central or Regional? Georgia State Capitol

Central or Regional? GA Governor Nathan Deal

Central or Regional? President Obama

How is power distributed?

Unitary • Power is held by one central authority. • There is no state or local government • The central government has all of the power

Unitary Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority

Federal • A strong central government shares power with state governments • The central government has most power, but some is reserved for the states

Federation Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority

Confederation • Voluntary organization of independent states • States have most of the power, but give some power to the central government • States have a common purpose.

Example: OPEC • OPEC- The organization of the world’s top 12 oil-producing countries – Helps to protect these countries – Helps to regulate the supply and price of oil

Confederation Regional Authority Central Authority Regional Authority

Who has the power? Central government State/Regional Government

Who has the power? Central government State/Regional Government

Who has the power? Central government State/Regional Government

Who has the power? Central government State/Regional Government

Who has the power?

Autocracy/Monarchy/Dictatorship Oligarchy Democracy Theocracy

Autocracy/Monarchy/Dictatorship: Government of One • One person (the ruler) has total power and control • The citizens have very little power or say in their government • The monarch (usually a king a queen) has power by being born into the royal family and rules until death • The leader is often a dictator - a ruler with total control who often obtains control by force

Oligarchy: Government of Few • Government is ruled by a small group of people • Sometimes the small group exercises power for corrupt and selfish purposes • The citizens have a very limited role

Democracy: Government of the People • Citizens have a voice in their government • The people elect their leaders by voting • People are guaranteed basic rights that must be upheld at all times

Democracy Presidential Parliamentary

• People vote legislature leader • People vote leader

Theocracy: Government of Religion • Form of government in which a God is the supreme ruler. • The God’s laws are enforced by religious leaders • Example: Iran

Kenya Type of Government Type of Leader How Leader got position Name of Legislature How members of Legislature are chosen Role of Citizen in Gov’t How Much Freedom

Kenya Type of Government Presidential Democracy Type of Leader President AND Prime Minister How Leader got position popular vote by citizens Name of Legislature National Assembly How members of Legislature are chosen popular vote by citizens Role of Citizen in Gov’t Vote How Much Freedom Partly Free

South Africa Type of Government Type of Leader How Leader got position Name of Legislature How members of Legislature are chosen Role of Citizen in Gov’t How Much Freedom

South Africa Type of Government Parliamentary Democracy Type of Leader President How Leader got position elected by National Assembly Name of Legislature National Assembly How members popular vote by of Legislature citizens THEN are chosen National Assembly votes Role of Citizen in Gov’t Vote How Much Freedom Free

Voting in South Africa

Mandela’s first vote

Sudan Type of Government Type of Leader How Leader got position Name of Legislature How members of Legislature are chosen Role of Citizen in Gov’t How Much Freedom

Sudan Type of Government Autocracy Dictatorship Type of Leader Dictator How Leader got position rigged election Name of Legislature National Legislature How members of Legislature are chosen appointed by dictator Role of Citizen in Gov’t Obey Dictator How Much Freedom Not Free

Rigged Elections

South Sudan Type of Government Type of Leader How Leader got position Name of Legislature How members of Legislature are chosen Role of Citizen in Gov’t How Much Freedom

South Sudan Type of Government Presidential Democracy Type of Leader President How Leader got position General Election Name of Legislature National Legislative Assembly How members of Legislature are chosen General Election Role of Citizen in Voting their leaders in. Gov’t How Much Freedom Questionable

Sudan Kenya South Africa Type of Government Autocracy Dictatorship Presidential Democracy Parliamentary Democracy Type of Leader Dictator President AND Prime Minister President How Leader got position rigged election popular vote by citizens elected by National Assembly Name of Legislature National Assembly How members of Legislature are chosen appointed by dictator popular vote by citizens Role of Citizen in Gov’t Obey Dictator Vote popular vote by citizens THEN National Assembly votes Vote How Much Freedom Not Free Partly Free