What is EQUITY What does it look like

What is EQUITY? What does it look like in the HSU classroom? Student Success Summit #1 November 2, 2017

First of all, happy Halloween…!

…and Dia de los Muertos!

¡Bienvenidos a ESCALA! Dr. Melissa Salazar Dr. Cathy Martínez-Berryhill Dr. Virginia Padilla Vigil Dr. Kristi Archuleta Escala Educational Services LLC All Rights Reserved

Where do we come from? The Northern New Mexico Mestizaje The only state that is officially bilingual, mandatory minutes of Spanish spoken per week, in every school Majority Hispano/a and Native American (Puebloan), Anasazi 44% of the state is Hispanic but our county is 85%. . . very few “Anglos” Nearly every college is a historical Hispanic Serving Institution Lowrider “capital“ of the U. S. ! World famous for heirloom red chile peppers and our geology 2 nd only to Mississippi in lowest educational achievement 4 th largest state but only 1 million people….

Melissa L Salazar Ph. D. Science Education, UC Davis M. S. Food Science and Nutrition, UC Davis B. S Chemistry/Chemical Engineering, UC Berkeley • Research on diet adjustments of immigrant youth, bone health in adolescence, cultural factors contributing to food choices • STEM Education for 20+ years, mostly in SF Bay Area • Taught Pre-K through college • Adjuncted for UC Davis, CSU East Bay, NM Highlands, Northern New Mexico College, UNM Taos • Statistics, Chemistry, Math for Educators, Food Science, Nutrition, Special you name it… Escala. Education, Educational Services LLC All Rights Reserved

Why faculty, Why “ESCALA”? to strive, to climb Improve instruction for all students at Hispanic Serving Institutions across the nation through: • Long-term Faculty Programs Featuring Self-Reflection • Individualized Classroom Coaching • Supporting Faculty Leadership Teams in Teaching & Learning Escala Educational Services LLC All Rights Reserved

We ask faculty to reflect on their own data, to find out what’s working and what’s not

We use cognitive science and research on minority student success to design learning environments where more students are motivated and engaged to learn.

DBER: certain strategies in certain disciplines work better than others… Escala Educational Services LLC All Rights Reserved

New Mexico Highlands University, NM Since 2013, ESCALA has worked with over 400 adjunct and tenure track professors in: • Over 20 Hispanic-Serving Institutions in CO, NM, CA, TX and WA • Four-Year, Two-Year, Public, Private, rural and urban • HSIs ranging from 20% to 90% Latinx • Enrollments of 1, 200 to 20, 000 Otero Junior College, CO Escala Educational Services LLC All Rights Reserved Central Washington University 11

Lessons Learned After Five Years…. Excellent instruction helps everyone, but particularly students who have lacked access to solid educational opportunities. Changing instruction takes effort; everyone needs a coach; Sustained change requires peer support. and institutional

Introducting… our four HSU co-facilitators for today: Dr. Eileen Cashman, Dr. Josh Smith, Dr. Matt Hurst, and Dr. Beth Eschenbach

Watch this video of entering college freshmen Write while you watch: What does each student need to succeed? Is it the same thing? What will be the role of the instructor?

Today’s 4 Focus Questions What is equity? EQUITY Why is equity hard? Equality What are we already doing that is equitable? What could we shift to make our course environments more equity-oriented?

What’s the status of Latinx education in the U. S. ? What are HSIs? Let’s take a Plicker Quiz: Find a shoulder partner and put one card between you.

Hispanic Serving Institutions are On the Scene and Growing… HSIs are the fastest growing sector of minority serving institutions. • HSIs were first defined by the Department of Education in 1992 as part of the Higher Education Act. • Legislative set-asides improve the capacity of HSIs so that more Latino/a students would succeed in higher education. • HSIs are designated when greater than 25% of the undergraduate population is Latino/a and 50% of those students are low-income.

The HACU Website has the most current list of HSIs. (using IPEDS enrollment data)

Many HSIs have an identity crisis and have a “closeted identity” HSIs: Closeted identity and the production of equitable outcomes for Latino/a students (Contreras et al. 2008). • Transitioning to an HSI is often invisible to staff, students, and faculty, and not used in marketing materials • Some view it as politically charged statement to even admit publicly they are an HSI, worried the perception is ‘HSI= Low Standards’ • Important to keep in mind the funding is to improve the capacity of the institution rather than to only assist Latino/a students. • The rapid transformation of HSIs is a huge disruption of the status quo in Predominately White Institutions

Discuss at your table (2 min): What role should HSIs play in improving Latinx college student outcomes? What is the role, then, of a faculty member working in an HSI?

HSIs: We Develop Talent! HSIs are primed to market themselves as institutions that develop talent and produce excellence, rather than tout the test scores of entering students “I care a heck of a lot more about what our students can do when they leave, then what they did before they came to our university. ” - Chancellor Dr. Richard Rush, CSU Channel Islands “Successful HSIs all share one quality: they have an institutional culture monitors and strives to improve the completion, transfer, and retention rates of its Latino/a students, as a commitment to improving the success of all their students. “ (Hurtado & Ruiz 2012 Realizing the Potential of HSIs: Multiple Dimensions of Institutional Diversity).

Putting the Serving into “Hispanic Serving Institutions” Organizational Outcomes for Latinxs (Dr. G. Garcia 2017) Latinx-Producing Latinx-Serving -Enrolls 25% Latinx students -Produces a significant (if not equitable) number of legitimized outcomes for Latinx students -Does not have organizational structures that reflect Latinxs -Enrolls 25% Latinx students -Produces a significant (if not equitable) number of legitimized outcomes for Latinx students -Does have organizational structures that are culturally relevant & enhancing Latinx-Enrolling Latinx-Enhancing -Enrolls 25% Latinx students -Does not produce an equitable number of legitimized outcomes for Latinx students -Does not have organizational structures that reflect Latinxs -Enrolls 25% Latinx students -Does not produce an equitable number of legitimized outcomes -Does have organizational structures that are culturally relevant & enhancing Organizational Culture Reflects Latinxs

Today’s Key Concept What is equity? Inclusive Equal EQUITY Why is equity hard? Equality What are we already doing that is equitable? What could we shift to make our course environments more equity-oriented?

Equity is based on a fundamental understanding and acceptance of difference. It is giving students who have different needs different supports based on their needs.

Which is Equity? Which is Equality? Equality is treating all students the same. It is based on a ‘input’ model that assumes it is fair to give everyone exactly the same opportunity to achieve. Equity is giving students what they need, understanding that there are differences between them. It is based on an ‘output’ model that says it is fair when everyone has the same achievement.

What’s the problem with equality? The U. S. Education is a System of Inequality: Students who are born into advantages increase their advantage while others can’t catch up, or fall further behind.

Personal Equity is… Not Blaming Students For Their Prior Lack of Opportunity, Access, or Exposure To Skills They Need to Succeed Accepting Responsibility For Teaching Students Skills To Learn As Well As Content Questioning Current Practices To Determine if Certain Students Are Unintentionally Advantaged Over Others In Learning Your Material Designing New Access and Opportunities for Those Who Have Not Had Equal Access or Opportunities

Today’s Key Concept What is equity? Inclusive Equal EQUITY Why is equity hard? Equality What are we already doing that is equitable? What could we shift to make our course environments more equity-oriented?

Gaps Don’t Just Happen…

Inequity 101: The Story of the 3 Ms in American Education of Hispanics

THE STANFORD POVERTY STUDY Sean Reardon, "School Segregation and Racial Achievement Gaps, " and "The Geography of Racial/Ethnic Test Score Gaps. Available at Stanford University cepa. stanford. edu/seda/ The first “M”: Money

The achievement gap between rich and poor starts in Grade 3 Students from the most and least socioeconomically disadvantaged school districts perform four grade levels apart on state standardized tests. Source: “Local education inequities across U. S. revealed in new Stanford data set, ” Rabinovitz, April 29, 2016

…and we see similar gaps in college completion between rich and poor students.

Mainstream American culture is based on Northern European traditions of Individual Merit • Individuals are responsible for their own success • Belief that if an individual wants to do something badly enough, or put enough effort in, they will succeed • Education is the ‘great equalizer’ The second “M”: Meritocracy

Predominately White educational institutions generally: 2014 2008 • Emphasize English language and devalue bilingual skills • Are staffed by instructors who have a Northern European cultural background • Use curricula that decontextualize knowledge, separating knowledge from place or cultural ways of knowing The third “M”: Monoculture

What is the role, then, of a faculty member working in an HSI? To implement equity by increasing students’ opportunities to learn. BREAKOUT SESSION: How does an equity mindset manifest in: • The way we interact with students • The assessments we give, and the policies we have about assessments • The way we run our classes • The curriculum choices we make • The way we call on students…. and more? ? ?

BREAK UP! Divide your table into two groups—have half your table go to the room next door after a 10 min break.

Today’s Key Concept What is equity? Inclusive Equal EQUITY Why is equity hard? Equality What are we already doing that is equitable? What could we shift to make our course environments more equity-oriented?

Norman: What happened in his first year? Did he experience equity or equality? How did this alter his college goals? How did this impact his sense of self?

What’s so unique about the mission and history of ?

Is living up to its potential to be a showcase of equitable practices in an HSI? Yes or

What are Examples of Equity: On the Program Level…. Examples of Excelencia in HSIs

What’s Next? Check out the HSU Center for Teaching & Learning Website for more Resources on Equity: • PPT from today • Readings on HSIs, Dr. Gina Garcia • Videos on equity, Dr. Pedro Noguera

What is CULTURE? Why Does It Matter In the Classroom? Student Success Summit #2 December 7, 2017