What is DNA and why is it important

What is DNA and why is it important?

DNA • DNA stores genetic information • DNA tells cells what to do and which proteins to make. • S-phase makes sure that the same DNA is shared with new cells during mitosis. ah, e y h O s d n e s i mitos 2 with ally c i t e n ge ls! l e c l a c identi

DNA • Transmits and conserves DNA from one generation to the next. • The changes occur during crossing over of meiosis; this is how one person carry DNA from very many different ancestors. Oh ye meio ah, sis en with ds genet 4 differ ically ent c ells!

DNA – why else is it important? • DNA can help research disease. • You read about transformation in bacteria. • Transformation is when DNA from one organism is placed into bacteria

Structure of DNA • Can you remember which monomer builds DNA? • Can you remember the 3 parts of a nucleotide? nitrogenous

Chargaff’s Rule • A=T • C=G

Double Helix • Because of pictures from a woman named Rosalind Franklin, James Watson and Frances Crick figured out that DNA is in the shape of a double helix. Each base pair is held together by Base Pairs AT CG hydrogen bonds

DNA Replication Different for Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Just one starting point Eukaryotes Many different starting points!

2 steps of DNA Synthesis Helicase is an enzyme that unzips the DNA polymerase is the enzyme that builds and checks the DNA

Can you find the 2 enzymes that help DNA replicate?

dr n e g o Hy DNA Polymerase b ds n o