What is Cordyceps sinensis Cordyceps sinensis Berk Sace
What is Cordyceps sinensis (冬蟲夏草)? 本品为麦角菌科冬虫夏草菌 Cordyceps sinensis (Berk. ) Sace. 寄生在蝙蝠蛾科昆虫蝙蝠蛾 Hepialus armoricanus Oberthür 越冬幼虫体上的子座与虫体的复合体
What is Cordyceps sinensis (冬蟲夏草)? 本品为麦角菌科冬虫夏草菌 Cordyceps sinensis (Berk. ) Sace. 寄生在蝙蝠蛾科昆虫蝙蝠蛾 Hepialus armoricanus Oberthür 越冬幼虫体上的子座与虫体的复合体
Type 1 Type 2 Early May Late June 0 -10 ℃ 15 -25 ℃ 未成熟 冬虫夏草
Mycology Findings Fungus 常温菌 Fungus Fungus Fungus 低温菌
Type 1 Type 2 Early May Late June 0 -10 ℃ 15 -25 ℃ H. sinensis Predominated P. hepiali Predominating?
两步法巢式嵌套PCR方法 its 5 its 1 18 S ITS-1 its 3 5. 8 S its 2 ITS-2 ITS 4/5 DNA Fragment 28 S its 4 Phsp 2/4 DNA Frag. 为增加PCR的特异性, 采用Touch-Down PCR 方案: • 起始退火温度: 70 ℃ • 退火温度每循环降低 0. 3 ℃ • 共 循环 hu, et al. 35 J. Mycology Research 2007, 5 (4): 214 - 224
DNA Template: 1. Fresh C. sinensis genomic DNA 2. Pool of ITS 4/5 r. DNA segments 500 400 300 200 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Bam. HI 100 400 DNA Sequencing 300 250 200 150 100 50 Zhu, et al. J. Mycology Research 2007, 5 (4): 214 -224
Sequence comparison: Natural C. sinensis (Phsp 2/4 seg. ) vs. P. hepiali (gb#EF 5301 48 & EF 555097) Seq. Identity Zhu, et al. J. Mycology Research 2007, 5 (4): 214 -224
Type 1 Type 2 Early May Late June 0 -10 ℃ 15 -25 ℃ H. sinensis Predominated P. hepiali Predominating?
Attenuated ability of competitive proliferation of H. sinensis with C. sinensis maturation paradoxically associates with a slightly increased copy number of its gene in caterpillar and stroma of C. sinensis. Yao, Zhou & Zhu. FASEB J 2008, 22: 704. 4
b 2 c triplex a 1 e 2 e 1 2 a. Stromata of Type 1 C. sinensis b 1 a 2 a 3 d 2 b. Caterpillar of Type 1 C. sinensis f 2 c. Stromata of Type 2 C. sinensis d 2 d. Caterpillar of Type 2 C. sinensis f 2 e. Mycelia of H. sinensis 2 f. Mycelia of P. hepiali f Zhu, et al. J. Mycology Research 2007, 5 (4): 214 -224
a 1 a 2 a 3 a 1 a 4 T 1 Stromata T 1 Caterpillar T 2 Stromata T 2 Caterpillar b 5 b 2 c b 4 s pre-medium Hs mycelia ddd Eab Ead Eb Ea h pre-medium Ph mycelia f Gabf Ga Ga Gb. Gb f a, only in stroma; b, only in caterpillar; c, commonly in both stroma and caterpillar; d, only in H. sinensis; f, only in P. hepiali Zhu, et al. J. Mycology Research 2007, 5 (4): 2
Effects of P. hepiali Cs-4 on senescence Zhu, et al. J. Alternat Complement Med. 4: 289 -303, & 429
P. hepiali Cs-4 升高抗氧 化能力,降低血MDA Chen and Deng. J Administ Tradit Chin Med 1995; 5(suppl. ): 9 -1
ox. LDL (mg/dl) P. hepiali Cs-4降低血清氧化型 LDL 25 20 5 -22. 9% p=0. 001 第 8週 血清 10 p=0. 549 第 0週 15 0 安慰劑 P. hepiali Cs-4 Pei, et al. , FASEB J. 2002; 16(4): A 429
Cs-4升高供能量化合物(三磷酸腺苷) -三磷酸腺苷 4. 2 +18. 4% 4. 0 3. 8 +12. 3% 3. 6 3. 4 400 mg/kg/d 200 mg/kg/d 安慰劑 3. 2 治療 3. 0 0 7 14 (天) al. J. Alternative Complimentary Med. 7(3): 231 -240, 2001
Reduction of Blood Lactate after treated by the 2 Cordyceps sinensis Fungus Products 150 140 Blood Lactate (AUC) 140 130 120 110 p<0. 05 100 0 500 p<0. 05 1000 1500 (mg/kg) P. hepiali Product 0 500 1000 1500 H. sinensis Product
Average % Change in RER 体质强健运动员服用P. hepiali Cs-4六 周降低恒量运动时的RER +4% +3% p=0. 025 +2% +1% 0% -1% -2% -3% -4% P. hepiali Placebo Cs-4 Li, et al. Chin J. Clin Pharmacy 16(5): 274 -277, 2007
Hirsutella sinensis 百令胶囊 Increases Weight-Loaded Swimming Time in Mice 李, 等. 中国中医药科技 2004; 11(5): 288 -289
P. hepiali Cs-4 Increases Weight. Loaded Swimming Time in Mice Swimming Time (s) 3500 p<0. 001 by ANOVA 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Placebo 600 1200 1800 (mg/kg) P. hepiali Cs-4 Chen et al. , FASEB J 2008, 22: 961. 5
2. 0 1. 6 1. 4 Week 6 1. 8 Week 0 VO 2 max (L/min) 健康老年人服用P. hepiali Cs-4六 周 2. 2 增加极量运动高峰摄氧量 +6. 7%, p=0. 05 P. hepiali Cs-4 -0. 05% p=0. 80 Placebo Xiao, et al. Chin J Gerontol. 20(4): 297 -298, 200
1. 2 1. 0 0. 9 +12. 6% p=0. 012 第 6 周 1. 1 第 0周 无氧酵解阈值 (L/min) 健康老年人服用P. hepiali Cs-4 六 1. 3 周改善体能、增加有氧运动能力 0. 8 P. hepiali Cs-4 安慰剂 Xiao, et al. Chin J Gerontol. 20(4): 297 -298, 200
P. hepiali Cs-4八周升高血清HDL 女性 43 39 45 37 35 35 33 25 第 8週 40 30 男性 41 50 第 0週 血清HDL (mg/dl) 55 31 +31. 1% p<0. 001 20 +14. 2% p=0. 003 29 27 25 安慰劑 蟲草Cs-4 t al. , FASEB J. 2002; 16(4): A 429 安慰劑 蟲草Cs-4
6 5 3 2 1 第 18 天 4 第 0天 空腹血糖 (mmol/L) 给予正常大鼠 P. hepiali Cs -4 8 7 十八天降低空腹血糖 0 安慰劑 p<0. 001 P. hepiali Cs-4 (250 mg/kg) Zhao, et al. J. Alternative Complimentary Med. 8(3): 309 -314, 2002
健康成年人服用P. hepiali Cs-4 六周降低空腹血糖 95 -7. 22%, p=0. 006 90 80 75 70 第 6週 85 第 0週 空腹血糖 (mg/d. L) 100 P. hepiali Cs-4 安慰劑 , et al. , Chin J Clinical Pharmacy 16(5): 274 -277, 2007
Latency of Erection (sec) P. hepiali Cs-4 Enhances Sexual Functions in Rats 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 p<0. 05 250 750 p<0. 05 1500 (mg/kg) P. hepiali Cs-4 et al. FASEB J 2008 22: 1137. 5
Capture Times within 20 min Hirsutella sinensis Enhances Sexual Functions in Rats 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 p<0. 01 0 250 500 1500 H. sinensis Product et al. FASEB J 2008 22: 1137. 5
虚症老年人服用P. hepiali Cs -4 Cs-4 安慰劑 三个月改善性生活 of. Yang, et al. 1995 p<0. 001 rof. Wan, et al. 1988 p<0. 001 IMM 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 改善率 (%) u, et al. J. Alternat Compliment Med. 4(3): 289 -303, 1998
冬虫夏草促进正常人的 NK 细胞功能 Liu, et al. Chin J Integrat Traditi Western Med 1992; 12(5): 2
冬虫夏草促进免疫功能 Chen & Lin. Chin J Experiment Clin Immunol 1992; 4(3): 38 -40
虫草发酵液促进MCF-7癌细胞凋 亡 Liu, et al. J Tianjin Med Univ 13(2): 206 -209, 2007
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善肝功能 Yang, et al. , Acta Academ Med Milit Tertiae 29(22): 2176 -
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善血液动力 学 Che & Lin. Chin Tradit Herbal Drugs 1996; 27(9): 552
P. hepiali Cs-4 (26± 3 mo ) 改善 慢性心衰病人的症状和生活质量 Chen. J Administ Tradit Chin Med 1995; 5(suppl. ): 40 -
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善慢性支 气管炎病人的呼吸功能 Zheng, et al. Collect Basic Med Clin Studies P. hepiali Cs-4
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善肺气肿 病人的呼吸功能和生活质量 Lei & Wang. J Administ Tradit Chin Med 1995; 5(suppl. ): 28
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善肾功能 Chen, et al. Chin Tradit Herbal Drugs 1986; 17(6): 256 -258
P. hepiali Cs-4 改善肾功能 和抗氧化功能 Jiang & Gao. J Administ Tradit Chin Med 1995; 5(suppl. ):
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