WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE An earthquake is a

WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? ? ? � An earthquake is a shaking or shock of the Earth’s surface

EARTHQUAKES FACTS Cannot be predicted but scientists working are working on it

WHAT CAUSES AN EARTHQUAKE? ? ? ?

THE WORLD IS LIKE A JIGSAW!!!!!!

EARTH IS MADE UP OF TECTONIC PLATES

WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? LAB MANUAL PAGE 80 � DEFINE: WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE? VIBRATIONS (SEISMIC WAVES) IN THE GROUND THAT RESULT FROM MOVEMENT ALONG BREAKS IN THE EARTH’S CRUST (PLATE BOUNDARIES). SUMMARIZE DISTRUBUTION: WHERE DO EARTHQUAKES OCCUR? MOST EARTHQUAKES OCCUR IN THE OCEANS AND ALONG THE EDGES OF THE CONTINENTS WHERE THERE ARE PLATE BOUNDARIES.

MOVING TECTONIC PLATES

MORE MOVING TECTONIC PLATES

HOW TECTONIC PLATES MOVE � Plates can � diverge � converge � transform

TYPES OF PLATE MOVEMENT LAB MANUAL PAGE 81 HOW DO THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BOUNDARIES MOVE? TYPE OF FAULT DESCRIPTION OF MOVEMENT LOCATION: TYPE OF BOUNDARY STRIKESLIP MOVE HORIZONTALLY IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS TRANSFROM PLATE BOUNDARIES NORMAL PULL APART WHILE ONE PLATE MOVES UP AND THE OTHER PLATE MOVES DOWN DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES REVERSE PUSH TOGETHER WHILE ONE PLATE MOVES UP AND OVER THE OTHER PLATE. THE 2 ND PLATE MOVES UNDER THE 1 ST PLATE. CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARIES

FAULT LINE As the plates try to move stress and friction builds up.

TYPES OF PLATE BOUNDARIES PAGE 80 LAB MANUAL BOUNDARY TYPE DEPTH OF EARTHQUAKE OTHER DETAILS CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES DEEPEST EARTHQUAKES RELEASE LARGE AMOUNTS OF ENERGY DIVERGENT BOUNDARIES SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES CREATE MID OCEAN RIDGES CONVERGENT BOUNDARIES INVOLVING 2 CONTINENT PLATES VARYING DEPTHS FORM LARGE DEFORMED MOUNTAIN RANGES

ROCK DEFORMATIONS LAB MANUAL PAGE 80 � WHEN A FORCE SUCH AS PRESSURE FROM A MOVING PLATE IS APPLIED TO ROCKS ALONG THE PLATE BOUNDARIES, THE ROCKS CAN CHANGE SHAPE.

The stored energy is released. . . uh oh!!!!! Hypocenter releases Epicenter the stored energy Epicenter Earthquake begins. . . strongest at the epicenter. Earthquake is at the

SEISMIC WAVES TRAVEL THROUGH THE EARTH

EARTHQUAKE’S FOCUS & EPICENTER LAB MANUAL PAGE 81 � The focus is the location inside the earth’s crust where rocks first move along the fault. � The epicenter is the location on the surface directly above the focus where surface waves begin.

SEISMIC ACTIVITY ~ TYPES OF WAVES � LAB MANUAL PAGE 81 ~ COMPARE THE TYPES OF SIESMIC WAVES DESCRIPTION PRIMARY WAVES (P-WAVES) MOVE IN A PUSH-PULL MOTION AND ARE THE FASTEST SEISMIC WAVES. THEY ARE THE 1 ST WAVE YOU FEEL. SECONDA RY WAVES (S-WAVES) MOVE UP AND DOWN AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE DIRECTION OF TRAVEL. SLOWER THAN P WAVES. SURFACE WAVES MOVE IN A ROLLING MOTION ON THE SURFACE. CAUSE THE MOST DAMAGE.

HOW ARE EARTHQUAKES MEASURED? � Seismologists � Seismometers Richter scale

TSUNAMIS � WHAT IS A TSUNAMI? ? ? ?

TSUMAMIS � When an earthquake occurs at the bottom of the sea, it can push water upwards, creating massive waves