WHAT IS A STAR HOW MANY DIFFERENT KINDS

WHAT IS A STAR & HOW MANY DIFFERENT KINDS ARE THERE? By: ADRIAN SEAN D. APARILLA Aaron Kyle R. Daug Environmental science Grade 6 - Neil Armstrong

Outline Sean : • • • All About stars Classifications History Descriptions Life Cycle Aaron : • • Types of Stars Definitions for every Star

ALL ABOUT STARS

CLASSIFICATIONS

An easy mnemonic for remembering these is: • • O - oh B - be A-a F - fine G - girl K - kiss M - me

HISTORY Ø Ancient people: quadrant Ø 1584 : Giordana Bruno ØGreek astronomers: Ptolemy and Hipparchus Ø 20 th century

DESCRIPTIONS OF STARS • a luminous globe of gas • nebulae & consist of hydrogen and helium gas • 2000°C to above 30, 000°C • brightest stars - 100 times that of the Sun • smallest mass for a star is about 8% that of the Sun

DIFFERENT KINDS OF STAR

The different kinds of stars are: • • • Yellow dwarf stars Orange dwarf stars Red dwarf stars Brown dwarfs Blue giant stars Red super giant stars White dwarfs Black dwarfs Neutron stars

Yellow Dwarf Stars (the sun, Alpha Centauri A, Kepler-22) • • Lifetime: 4 - 17 billion years Evolution: early, middle Temperature: 5, 000 - 7, 300 °C Spectral Types: G, F Luminosity: 0. 6 - 5. 0 Radius: 0. 96 - 1. 4 Mass: 0. 8 - 1. 4 Prevalence: 10%

Brown Dwarfs • • Lifetime: unknown (long) Evolution: not evolving Temperature: 0 - 1, 800 °C Spectral Types: L, T, Y (after M) Luminosity: ~0. 00001 Radius: 0. 06 - 0. 12 Mass: 0. 01 - 0. 08 Prevalence: unknown (many)

Orange Dwarf Stars(Alpha Centauri B and Epsilon Eridani) • • Lifetime: 17 - 73 billion years Evolution: early, middle Temperature: 3, 500 - 5, 000 °C Spectral Types: K Luminosity: 0. 08 - 0. 6 Radius: 0. 7 - 0. 96 Mass: 0. 45 - 0. 8

Red Dwarf Stars(Proxima Centauri, Barnard's Star and Gliese 581) • Lifetime: 73 - 5500 billion years • Evolution: early, middle • Temperature: 1, 800 - 3, 500 °C • Spectral Types: M • Luminosity: 0. 0001 - 0. 08 • Radius: 0. 12 - 0. 7 • Mass: 0. 08 - 0. 45 • Prevalence: 73%

Red Supergiant Stars (Betelgeuse and Antares) • • Lifetime: 3 - 100 million years Evolution: late Temperature: 3, 000 - 5, 000 ºC Spectral Types: K, M Luminosity: 1, 000 - 800, 000 Radius: 100 - 1650 Mass: 10 - 40 Prevalence: 0. 0001%

Blue Giant Stars(Rigel) • • Lifetime: 3 - 4, 000 million years Evolution: early, middle Temperature: 7, 300 - 200, 000 °C Spectral Types: O, B, A Luminosity: 5. 0 - 9, 000 Radius: 1. 4 - 250 Mass: 1. 4 - 265 Prevalence: 0. 7% hubpages. com

Red Giant Stars(Aldebaran and Arcturus) • • Lifetime: 0. 1 - 2 billion years Evolution: late Temperature: 3, 000 - 5, 000 °C Spectral Types: M, K Luminosity: 100 - 1000 Radius: 20 - 100 Mass: 0. 3 - 10 Prevalence: 0. 4%

White Dwarfs(Sirius B and Van Maanen's star) • • Lifetime: 1015 - 1025 years Evolution: dead, cooling Temperature: 4, 000 - 150, 000 ºC Spectral Types: D (degenerate) Luminosity: 0. 0001 - 100 Radius: 0. 008 - 0. 2 Mass: 0. 1 - 1. 4 Prevalence: 4% hubpages. com

Black Dwarfs • • Lifetime: unknown (long) Evolution: dead Temperature: < -270 °C Spectral Types: none Luminosity: infinitesimal Radius: 0. 008 - 0. 2 Mass: 0. 1 - 1. 4 Prevalence: ~0%

Neutron Stars • Lifetime: unknown (long) • Evolution: dead, cooling • Temperature: < 2, 000 ºC • Spectral Types: D (degenerate) • Luminosity: ~0. 000001 • Radius: 5 - 15 km

References & Sources: > kidsastronomy. com > Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia > en. wikipedia. org > www. space. com > www. universetoday. com > hubpages. com > http: //www. universetoday. com/25156/history-ofstars/#ixzz 38 l 9 l. LV 4 U > http: //planetquest. jpl. nasa. gov/science_index. cfm > http: //cosmology. carnegiescience. edu/timeline/1838 >www. google. com. ph/search? q=LIFE+CYCLES+of+stars+AS TRONOMY&tbm=isch&ei=t. TLWU 8 fh. KIL 48 QWap. IFA#facrc=_ &imgdii=Uqcwn 9 o 5 Dk 63 TM%3 A%3 B 5 i 7 DEMwb. Id. TJ 8 M%3 >www. google. com. ph/search? q=description+of+stars+ASTR ONOMY&source=lnms&sa=X&ei=icb. WU 9 Lq. I 4 yl 8 AWcgo. HQC A&ved=0 CAUQ_AUo. AA&biw=1280&bih=699&dpr=1

THANK YOU