What is a Relative Subordinate Clause Subordinate dependent

What is a Relative Subordinate Clause? • Subordinate (dependent) clauses that begin with relative pronouns work like adjectives. They describe a noun or pronoun in the independent clause. • Subordinate clauses that begin with relative pronouns are called relative clauses. • They describe a noun or pronoun. Relative clauses typically come directly after the noun or pronoun that they follow. That is why a relative clause can never begin a sentence.

What is a Relative Subordinate Clause? • The relative pronouns are: who, whom, whose, which, that (Sometimes “when, ” “where, ” and “since” can also be used. ) • These words start a subordinate clause called a relative clause. They are often in the middle or end of a sentence. – Ex. who walked down the street subordinate clause (The man who walked down the street was tall. ) – Ex. that I know from class subordinate clause (The boy that I know from class won the award. )

What is a Relative Subordinate Clause? • Some of the relative pronouns that start relative clauses can also be used to begin questions. How can you tell the difference? • If the clause is a question, the pronoun will typically be at the beginning of the sentence. If it is starting a relative clause, it can not be placed there. • If the clause is a question, there will be a question mark at the end of the sentence. If it is starting a relative clause, it most likely will not. • If the pronoun is used to begin a relative clause, there will have to be an independent clause in the sentence also. Ex. Who will attend the party? (At the beginning, question mark, one clause……. QUESTION!) Ex. The people who will attend the party are my friends. (Not at the beginning, no question mark, more than one clause………RELATIVE CLAUSE!)

Finding Relative Subordinate Clauses • In each sentence, locate the subordinate clause that begins with a relative pronoun. 1. The boy, whose puppy is missing, is sad. whose puppy is missing 2. I love the book that I am reading 3. The man to whom the letter is addressed is here. to whom the letter is addressed 4. Disney World, where I love to go, is amazing! where I love to go

Restrictive and Non-restrictive Clauses Relative clauses can be classified as restrictive or non-restrictive. This affects how the clause is punctuated. • The information in a restrictive clauses is needed in the sentence. As a result, no commas set of a restrictive clause. These clauses are also called essential clauses since the information is essential to understanding the sentence. Ex. The boy who won the award ran up to the stage to accept an award. • The information in a non-restrictive clause is not needed in the sentence; therefore, commas set it off just like an appositive or interrupter. These are called non-essential clauses. Ex. The boy who won the award is in my gym class.

Punctuating Relative Subordinate Clauses • Locate the relative clause and decide if it needs commas surrounding it. 1. The boy whose puppy is missing is sad. whose puppy is missing - no 2. I love the book that I am reading - no 3. The man to whom the letter is addressed is tall. to whom the letter is addressed - yes 4. Disney World where I love to go is amazing! where I love to go - yes