What is a mammal Fur pelage Mammary glands

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What is a mammal? - Fur (pelage) - Mammary glands - 3 inner ear

What is a mammal? - Fur (pelage) - Mammary glands - 3 inner ear ossicles (bones)

Do you think the mammals in Belize will be the same as the mammals

Do you think the mammals in Belize will be the same as the mammals in WV/V? Why? /Why not? - No cold season, but dry season - Fruit everywhere - Dense canopy very little light reaches ground ……. .

Most of the vegetation (food/cover) is in the canopy so that is where you

Most of the vegetation (food/cover) is in the canopy so that is where you will find most of the mammals

If there are spp. of mammals in WV that are also found in Belize

If there are spp. of mammals in WV that are also found in Belize what characteristics would they likely exhibit? - arboreal (at least partially) - dietary generalists (omnivores)

Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana filin. km. ru/mammels/ opossum. htm www. terrambiente. org/fauna/Mammiferi/metatheria/didelp himorphia/ Local

Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana filin. km. ru/mammels/ opossum. htm www. terrambiente. org/fauna/Mammiferi/metatheria/didelp himorphia/ Local Name: Possum Semi-arboreal Omnivores – eat pretty much anything that they can get in their mouths

Gray Fox – Urocyon cinereoargenteus “tree fox” is distributed from Canada to Venezuela Mostly

Gray Fox – Urocyon cinereoargenteus “tree fox” is distributed from Canada to Venezuela Mostly nocturnal and crepuscular Opportunistic hunters

Raccoon Procyon lotor The tail is bushy with alternating dark and light bands, a

Raccoon Procyon lotor The tail is bushy with alternating dark and light bands, a characteristic which distinguishes the raccoon from all other mammals

Tropics (rainforest) - Highest diversity of mammals in the world -Approximately 150 spp. of

Tropics (rainforest) - Highest diversity of mammals in the world -Approximately 150 spp. of mammals in Belize/northern Guatemala -Roughly half are bats

When you think about a rainforest (jungle) what animals come to mind? . .

When you think about a rainforest (jungle) what animals come to mind? . . . Monkeys CITES endangered species Order: Primates Important seed dispersal agents

 Yucatan Black Howler-Monkey Alouatta pigra Troops of 4 -10 – lowland evergreen forests

Yucatan Black Howler-Monkey Alouatta pigra Troops of 4 -10 – lowland evergreen forests Known as the “baboon” in Belize Noisiest animal in the Belize jungle

Central-American Spider Monkey Ateles geoffroyi Occupy small branches of the high strata Troops of

Central-American Spider Monkey Ateles geoffroyi Occupy small branches of the high strata Troops of up to 100 Need undisturbed tracks of forest

Bats: order Chiroptera Bats are either carnivorous (insects) or fruit/nectar eaters

Bats: order Chiroptera Bats are either carnivorous (insects) or fruit/nectar eaters

Lesser White-lined Bat Saccipteryx leptura Often found roosting in or near human habitations www.

Lesser White-lined Bat Saccipteryx leptura Often found roosting in or near human habitations www. batcon. org/home/brazil 2001/batlist. html

Fishing Bat Noctilio leporinus Adapted for catching fish Local Name: Greater Bulldog Bat www.

Fishing Bat Noctilio leporinus Adapted for catching fish Local Name: Greater Bulldog Bat www. thorns. com. br/HTM_Fotos. Geral/Fotos. Morcegos. htm www. guidedculturaltours. com/barbados. ph p

Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat Atribeus jamaicensis www. conservationcentre. org/scase 10. html www. edomexico. gob. mx/se/BIO_INTERNET/fauna_c.

Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat Atribeus jamaicensis www. conservationcentre. org/scase 10. html www. edomexico. gob. mx/se/BIO_INTERNET/fauna_c. html

Brown Longtongued Bat Glossophaga commissarisi www. biologie. uni-ulm. de/bio 3/mtschapka/bats. html Local Name: Commissaris’

Brown Longtongued Bat Glossophaga commissarisi www. biologie. uni-ulm. de/bio 3/mtschapka/bats. html Local Name: Commissaris’ Longtongued Bat www. batcon. org/avscripts/script 11. html

Order Carnivora: Meat eaters Family Felidae: All species of wild felid are listed as

Order Carnivora: Meat eaters Family Felidae: All species of wild felid are listed as at least species of concern by CITES

 Jaguaroundi - Herpailurus yagouaroundi Sometimes known as an otter cat – Semi- aquatic

Jaguaroundi - Herpailurus yagouaroundi Sometimes known as an otter cat – Semi- aquatic environments – diurnal and more common in disturbed areas

 Ocelot -Leopardus pardalis found in forested areas but is at risk from hunting

Ocelot -Leopardus pardalis found in forested areas but is at risk from hunting for its fur and trapping for the pet trade.

Margay – Leopardus weidii Long Tailed Spotted Cat, similar to the Ocelot - body

Margay – Leopardus weidii Long Tailed Spotted Cat, similar to the Ocelot - body smaller has longer legs and tail Semi-arboreal, has specially adapted rear claws and ankle joints which can move through 180 degrees

Puma - Felis concolor Most widely distributed felid in western hemisphere. Diet varies from

Puma - Felis concolor Most widely distributed felid in western hemisphere. Diet varies from small mammals to deer and tapir

Jaguar – Panthera onca Largest terrestrial predator in Central/South America. Often confused w/ Leopard

Jaguar – Panthera onca Largest terrestrial predator in Central/South America. Often confused w/ Leopard Jaguar has no natural predators

Weasel family Family Mustelidae

Weasel family Family Mustelidae

Tayra - Eira barbara Long, slender body has short limbs and a long tail

Tayra - Eira barbara Long, slender body has short limbs and a long tail Diet – fruit, insects, small mammals Diurnal

Grison – Galictis vittata Burrowing and terrestrial Feeds on small mammals, reptiles, invertebrates

Grison – Galictis vittata Burrowing and terrestrial Feeds on small mammals, reptiles, invertebrates

Family Prcyonidae Raccoons and related critters

Family Prcyonidae Raccoons and related critters

Kinkajou – Potos flavus “night walker” in Belize One of the most commonly seen

Kinkajou – Potos flavus “night walker” in Belize One of the most commonly seen tropical forest animals Arboreal and nocturnal Primarily eats fruit

Ringtail – Bassariscus sumichrasti Also known as the Ringtail Cat, Cacomistle, or Miner's Cat

Ringtail – Bassariscus sumichrasti Also known as the Ringtail Cat, Cacomistle, or Miner's Cat Nocturnal and shy - rarely seen Smaller than a house cat

Coati – Nasua narica Also known as the Whitenosed Coati Locally in Belize, the

Coati – Nasua narica Also known as the Whitenosed Coati Locally in Belize, the coati is known as "quash" Often is seen in large groups of up to 30 individuals

Order artiodactyla Even-toed ungulates – Deer, cows, antelope, etc. Family Cervidae

Order artiodactyla Even-toed ungulates – Deer, cows, antelope, etc. Family Cervidae

Red Brocket – Mazama americana Active during both the day and the night and

Red Brocket – Mazama americana Active during both the day and the night and are usually solitary Found in thick forest where there is dense undergrowth

White-tailed Deer. Odecoileus virginianus

White-tailed Deer. Odecoileus virginianus

Collared Peccary Tayassu tajacu A piglike animal (although they are not pigs) resembling a

Collared Peccary Tayassu tajacu A piglike animal (although they are not pigs) resembling a razorback hog, but with heavier neck and shoulders Feed on fruits, seeds, roots, vegetable matter, invertebrates social

Order Perissodactyla Odd-toed ungulates rhinos, equids, tapirs

Order Perissodactyla Odd-toed ungulates rhinos, equids, tapirs

Baird’s Tapir – Tapirus bairdii Status: Endangered – heavily hunted Avoid human disturbance Good

Baird’s Tapir – Tapirus bairdii Status: Endangered – heavily hunted Avoid human disturbance Good hill climbers, runners, sliders, waders, divers, swimmers

Order Rodentia Most diverse order of mammals Primary consumers in most ecosystems Seldom seen

Order Rodentia Most diverse order of mammals Primary consumers in most ecosystems Seldom seen considering their prevalence…. why?

Forest Spiny Pocket Mouse – Heteromys desmerastanius Often seen foraging on the ground at

Forest Spiny Pocket Mouse – Heteromys desmerastanius Often seen foraging on the ground at night in wet forests Can also be found in areas of secondary growth or seasonally dry forest

Vesper Rat Nictomys sumichrasti The eyes are large, and the hind feet are modified

Vesper Rat Nictomys sumichrasti The eyes are large, and the hind feet are modified for nocturnal arboreal life

Hispid Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus Preferred habitat consists of grassy fields, brushy pastures, ditches,

Hispid Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus Preferred habitat consists of grassy fields, brushy pastures, ditches, marshes, and along the brushy borders of cultivated fields

Mexican Porcupine – Coendou mexicanus Large, furry rodent with characteristic yellowish spines or quills

Mexican Porcupine – Coendou mexicanus Large, furry rodent with characteristic yellowish spines or quills covering its back and tail Different genus than our porcupine, prehensile tail

Paca - Agouti paca forested habitats near water Upper body is dark brown or

Paca - Agouti paca forested habitats near water Upper body is dark brown or black and usually has 4 longitudinal rows of white spots on the sides Solitary and little interaction occurs between individuals

Central American Agouti –male sprays female with Dasyprocta punctata urine, which causes her to

Central American Agouti –male sprays female with Dasyprocta punctata urine, which causes her to go into a "frenzy dance. " After several sprays she allows the male to approach Eat seeds and will cache (bury) seeds in times of excess seed dispersal

Order Didelphimorphia New world opposums Marsupials – non placental mammals with a pouch marsupium

Order Didelphimorphia New world opposums Marsupials – non placental mammals with a pouch marsupium

Water Opossum Chironectes minimus Local Name: Water Dog, Yapo filin. km. ru/mammels/ opossum. htm

Water Opossum Chironectes minimus Local Name: Water Dog, Yapo filin. km. ru/mammels/ opossum. htm

Order Xenarthra Anteaters, sloths, armadillos

Order Xenarthra Anteaters, sloths, armadillos

Northern Tamandua mexicana www. tikalpark. com/tough 2. htm Local Name: Antsbear www. ceiba. org/articles/tamandua.

Northern Tamandua mexicana www. tikalpark. com/tough 2. htm Local Name: Antsbear www. ceiba. org/articles/tamandua. htm

Northern, Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous centralis www. sagangea. org/hojared_biodiversidad/paginas/hoja 2_31. h Local Name: Dilly tml

Northern, Naked-tailed Armadillo Cabassous centralis www. sagangea. org/hojared_biodiversidad/paginas/hoja 2_31. h Local Name: Dilly tml

Order Cetacea Marine mammals – whales and dolphins

Order Cetacea Marine mammals – whales and dolphins

Short-finned Pilot Whale Dark gray to black Can be seen resting at the surface

Short-finned Pilot Whale Dark gray to black Can be seen resting at the surface during the day

Spinner Dolphin The Spinner Dolphin is a slender creature with a long, thin beak

Spinner Dolphin The Spinner Dolphin is a slender creature with a long, thin beak to which the distinct forehead slopes gently Dramatically acrobatic, with somersaults, high spinning leaps and other aerial movements

Bottlenose Dolphin Gray to gray-green or gray-brown on the back, fading to white on

Bottlenose Dolphin Gray to gray-green or gray-brown on the back, fading to white on the belly, lower jaw, and anal regions. The belly may be pinkish. This coloration, a type of camouflage known as countershading, may help conceal a dolphin from predators and prey

Great Sperm Whale The biggest of all toothed whales Name is derived from a

Great Sperm Whale The biggest of all toothed whales Name is derived from a structure in their head known as the spermaceti organ

The End www. terrambiente. org/fauna/Mammiferi/metatheria/dide lphimorphia/

The End www. terrambiente. org/fauna/Mammiferi/metatheria/dide lphimorphia/