What does this map tell about the rule

What does this map tell about the rule of Philip II?

Age of Absolutism Spain & England

European Monarchs 1500 -1700 European monarchs were creating powerful kingdoms where everyone had to answer to the King/Queen Absolutism: monarch has total control and power - Economic, war, domestic and foreign affairs Divine right: belief that monarchs receive their power directly from God – justified by God

Hapsburgs Most powerful royal family in Europe Lands scattered so: - Ferdinand (Charles V brother) • Holy Roman Emperor, controlled central Europe (today Germany) - Philip II (Charles V son) • Controlled Spain, the Netherlands, and overseas empires

Philip II Ruled from 1556 -1598 - Most powerful monarch in Spanish history - Saw himself as the leading defender of Catholicism - Caused many wars trying to spread the Hapsburg power - 1567: tried to force Catholicism on the Netherlands

Last of Spanish Hapsburgs After Philip II – Spanish power declined Economy poorly maintained and inept leaders • Still received a lot of gold from its colonies, but spent more than its received • Kicked out Muslims and Jews – they were the skilled merchants and artisans • Overtaxed its citizens and much of the empire rebelled Charles II was the last of the Spanish Hapsburgs

England’s Tudor Dynasty 14851603 Henry VII: first Tudor – took control after war of the Roses Henry VIII: second Tudor to reign – most powerful Tudor ruler Turmoil after Henry VIII died • Edward VI: Young and short reign • Mary I: Catholic, “Bloody Mary” • Married Philip II of Spain, Burned protestants at the stake, died childless • Elizabeth I: queen in 1558

Elizabeth I • Very popular with the English people • Her reign was one of England’s highest cultural periods • She never married distrusted other European monarchs and wanted to avoid conflict with nobility • During Elizabeth’s reign she set up a hierarchy of social rank in English society

Spanish Armada Reasons Spain attacked England • England supported Dutch rebellion • England was protestant and Spain saw Elizabeth as an illegitimate ruler • England supported pirate raids on Spanish Ships 1588 Spain sends 130 ships (Spanish Armanda( to invade England