What do you know What do you already

What do you know? �What do you already know about the lives of early humans? � Where did they come from? � How did they meet their basic needs for survival? � What kinds of developments did they make? � How did they express themselves? � How do we know the answers to these questions?

Paleolithic Era Neolithic Era Starting about 400, 000 years ago…

Questions we will answer: �How did physical geography influence the lives of early humans? �What were the characteristics of hunter-gatherer societies? �How did the beginning of agriculture and the domestication of animals promote the rise of settled communities? �How does archaeology provide knowledge of early human life and its changes?

Beginning of Man �Homo sapiens emerged in east Africa between 100, 000 and 400, 000 years ago. �Homo sapiens migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas. �Early humans were hunters and gatherers whose survival depended on the availability of wild plants and animals.

Hunter-Gatherer Society � Were nomadic(migrated in search of food, water, shelter) � Invented the first tools, including simple weapons � Learned how to make and use fire � Lived in clans � Developed oral language � Created “cave art”

Paleolithic Inventions/Innovations

Societies during the Neolithic Era (New Stone Age) � Developed agriculture (domesticated plants) � Domesticated animals � Used advanced tools � Made pottery � Developed weaving skills � Created PICTOGRAMS: First form of written communication

Archaeology �Archaeologists study past cultures by locating and analyzing human remains, settlements, fossils, and artifacts. �Archaeologists apply scientific tests such as carbon dating to analyze fossils and artifacts. �Stonehenge is an example of an archaeological site in England that was begun during the Neolithic and completed during the Bronze Age.

Stonehenge

What do we know? �Hunter-gatherer life was shaped by the environment. �Early humans began the process of overcoming their environment. �The beginning of agriculture and permanent settlements were big steps in the advance of civilization. �Archaeologists continue to find and interpret evidence of early humans and how they lived.

Warm-Up �Hunter-gatherer life was shaped by ________. �How did early humans begin the process of overcoming their environment? �The beginning of ______ led to permanent settlements and was a big step in the advance of civilization. �Explain what ARCHAEOLOGISTS do. How do they do this?

Evolution of Humans Over Time �http: //www. cartage. org. lb/en/themes/Sciences/Paleo ntology/Paleozoology/Fossil. Hominids/Chart. Human. E volution/Chart. Human. Evolution. htm

How do we know? Carbon Dating!!