What comes to mind when you think of

What comes to mind when you think of the country, CHINA? Content Vocab: Open Door Policy Boxer Rebellion John Hay Spheres of Influence Academic Vocab: Influence

In CHINA

China Overview China had once been the most advanced empire in the world. However, years of civil war had weakened the empire. In addition, China had failed to industrialize as other nations had in the 1800 s. As a result, it was unable to fight off industrial nations that wanted to reap profits from its vast resources and markets.

American Diplomacy In China • By 1899 US was major power in Asia • 3 rd largest navy in the world • Primary interest in Asia was not conquest but commerce new markets

China Loses War with Japan • 1894 War erupted in between China and Japan over Korea. • Europe and US thought China would win for sure due to its huge population • But Japan’s development in western technology conquered China • China was far weaker than anyone thought

Spheres of Influence Get out of my country! I claim this piece for Russia his t aim for l c I ce in pie Brita at e r G I claim this piece for Germany I claim this piece for Japan I claim this piece for France

Spheres of Influence Get out of my country! • After, Russia, France, and Germany demanded that his t China “lease” land to them. aim for l c I ce in • These leaseholds became pie Brita t aan the “sphere of influence”, e r G area where a foreign country controls all economic development. àThe land would still belong to China but another foreign government would control it. I claim this piece for Russia I claim this piece for Germany I claim this piece for Japan I claim this piece for France

Open Door Policy Get out of my country! HEY! You guys need to share with the USA! this aim for l c I ce in pie Brita at e r G I claim this piece for Russia I claim this piece for Germany I claim this piece for Japan I claim this piece for France

Open Door Policy HEY! You guys need to share with the USA! • In 1899, U. S. Secretary of State John Hay established the Open Door policy. • This policy declared that other nations must share trading rights with the US. • Other nations decided they had to agree. China was not consulted.

Purpose of the Open Door Policy US beliefs about foreign trade 1. The growth of the US economy depended on exports. China was a HUGE potential market 2. The US had a right to keep foreign markets open. It would use force if necessary 3. If one area was closed to US products, people, or ideas US itself was threatened.

Boxer Rebellion • Secret Chinese societies began organizing to kick out foreign control. • One of these groups were called the “Boxers” • In 1900 they attacked foreigners, killing hundreds of Christian missionaries, and others.

US Benefits • The United States joined with other trading countries and Japan to defeat the “Boxer Rebellion” with troops in 1900. • Thousands of Chinese were killed. • In the end The United States strengthened the Open Door policy and continued to use force to keep the markets open for many years.

Who does this cartoonist say has control over China after the Open Door Policy?

Checking for Understanding How did the growth of U. S. manufacturing affect the country’s international relations during the late nineteenth century? • Increasing demand for markets contributed to support for an Open Door policy in China.

Checking for Understanding What countries had a sphere of influence in China? • Britain, Germany, France, Russia, Italy, Japan, & USA

Checking for Understanding Why did the United States adopted the Open Door Policy? • gain equal trading rights in China.