What are they And how are they being

What are they? And how are they being offended? RIGHTS: Education Participation Survival and development Freedom (of speech) Non-discrimination Protection OFFENCES: Child Abuse Child Neglect Abandoned Children Child Labor Child Soldiers

EDUCATION Ø Education is an essential right, which permits each person to receive instruction and to blossom socially. The right to an education is vital for the economic, social and cultural development of all societies.

PARTICIPATION Ø Children are entitled to the freedom to express opinions and to have a say in matters affecting their social, economic, religious, cultural and political life. Ø Children are also free to participate in cultural, social, religious events.

SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT Ø The right to survival and development underscores the vital importance of ensuring access to basic services and to equality of opportunity for children to achieve their full development. Ø A child with a disability should have effective access to education and health care to achieve their full potential.

FREEDOM OF SPEECH Ø The voice of the child must be heard and respected in all matters concerning their rights. Ø For example, those in power should consult with children before making decisions that will affect them

BEST INTERESTS OF THE CHILD Ø The best interests of the child must be "a primary consideration" in all actions and decisions concerning a child, and must be used to resolve conflicts between different rights. Ø When making national budgetary decisions affecting children, Government must consider how cuts will impact on the best interests of the child.

NON-DISCRIMINATION Ø Children have the same right to develop their potential in all situations and at all times. Ø Every child should have equal access to education regardless of the child’s gender, race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, disability, parentage, sexual orientation or other status.

BUT HOW ARE CHILDREN RIGHTS OFFENDED?

CHILD ABUSE Ø Child abuse is when a parent or caregiver, whether through action or failing to act, causes injury, death, emotional harm or risk of serious harm to a child. There are many forms of child maltreatment, including neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and emotional abuse.

PHYSICAL ABUSE Ø Physical abuse of a child is when a parent or caregiver causes any non-accidental physical injury to a child. Ø Physical abuse includes striking, kicking, burning, biting, hair pulling, choking, throwing, shoving, whipping or any other action that injures a child Ø Even if the caregiver didn’t mean to cause injury, when the child is injured it is abuse.

EMOTIONAL ABUSE Ø When a parent or caregiver harms a child’s mental and social development, or causes severe emotional harm, it is considered emotional abuse. While a single incident may be abuse, most often emotional abuse is a pattern of behavior that causes damage over time. Ø It includes; Ignoring , telling a child he or she is unwanted or unloved, not listening to the child, breaking promises, cutting child off in conversation, humiliating, calling a child names, criticizing, blaming, insulting, punishing or threatening, manipulating, screaming, yelling, isolating.

SEXUAL ABUSE Ø Sexual abuse occurs when an adult uses a child for sexual purposes or involves a child in sexual acts. It also includes when a child who is older or more powerful uses another child for sexual gratification or excitement. Ø Sexual abuse of children includes: Making a child view or perform a sex act, making a child view or show sex organs, inappropriate sexual talk, contact abuse, exploitation, Child prostitution and child pornography

CHILD NEGLECT • Child neglect is when a parent or caregiver does not give the care, supervision, affection and support needed for a child’s health, safety and well-being.

PHYSICAL NEGLECT • Children need enough care to be healthy and enough supervision to be safe. Adults that care for children must provide clothing, food and drink. A child also needs safe, healthy shelter, and adequate supervision.

EMOTIONAL NEGLECT • Children require enough affection and attention to feel loved and supported. If a child shows signs of psychological illness, it must be treated.

MEDICAL NEGLECT • Parents and caregivers must provide children with appropriate treatment for injuries and illness. They must also provide basic preventive care to make sure their child stays safe and healthy.

EDUCATIONAL NEGLECT Ø Parents and schools share responsibility for making sure children have access to opportunities for academic success.

CHILD LABOR • Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood, interferes with their ability to attend regular school, and that is mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful.

CONSEQUENCES OF CHILD LABOR Ø Violates a nation’s minimum age laws Ø Threatens children’s physical, mental, or emotional well-being Ø Involves intolerable abuse, such as child slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, forced labor, or illicit activities Ø Prevents children from going to school Ø Uses children to undermine labor standards The United States has passed a law that allows Amish children older than 14 to work in traditional wood enterprises with proper supervision.

Of an estimated 215 child laborers around the globe: approximately 114 million (53%) are in Asia and the Pacific; 14 million (7%) live in Latin America; and 65 million (30%) live in sub-Saharan Africa

CHILD SOLDIERS Ø The military use of children takes three distinct forms: children can take direct part in hostilities as child soldiers; they can be used in support roles such as porters, spies, messengers, lookouts; or they can be used for political advantage as human shields or in propaganda. Ø According to one study, children have been used militarily across the globe. Children are easy targets to recruit for military purposes because of their vulnerability to influence. Many are seized and recruited by force whereas others join to escape their reality.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! ØSofia Georgogala ØMarianna Lymperopoulou ØMaria Tourountous ØEleftheria Sotiriou ØJohn Gionis ØAntonis Gargalakos