What are the six main forms of energy

What are the six main forms of energy?

Mechanical • Energy of motion both potential and kinetic. Ex: water in a waterfall, wind, sound, blood flowing through veins, drive, walk, ride a bike, hit a ball.

Heat/Thermal • All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms that are constantly moving. • The internal motion of atoms = heat/thermal energy. Ex: phase changes

Chemical • Energy is required to bond atoms together. • When bonds are broken chemical energy is released. Ex: When you digest food you break bonds and release chemical energy later when you exercise you use chemical energy stored in muscles obtained from food.

Electrical The energy associated with electrical charges. Two types of examples: • Unnatural: Batteries to operate calculators and flashlights. • Natural: lightning

Electromagnetic • Energy that travels in the form of waves through space. – The sun is our main source of all energies. – Examples of Electromagnetic energy: • Visible light and X-rays

Nuclear Nucleus of an atom is the source. • There are two ways to release nuclear energy. – 1. Fusion- when nuclei are joined together. – 2. Fission- when nuclei are split apart. – Examples: • heat and light of the sun • Hydrogen bomb

What is an energy conversion? • Energy can be transferred from one object to another and energy can be changed from one form to another. • Changes in the forms of energy are called energy conversions

What is one of the most common energy conversions? • Changing of potential energy to kinetic energy or vice versa. • Ex. A stone held high is air has PE. As the stone falls it loses PE due to decrease in height. At the same time, its KE increases because its velocity increases. PE is converted to KE

Example: pendulum • 1 Max PE; No KE • 2 Max KE • 3 Max PE; No KE

Law of Conservation of Energy: A. Energy can be neither created nor destroyed by ordinary means B. All forms of energy can be converted to other forms. In this extended process, energy is never lost.

Energy Conversion in our bodies • Food energy is stored chemical energy, which our bodies store to be used later. This chemical energy is converted into other energies which allow us to do work.

Einstein • Energy = mass x speed of light – Energy and mass are equivalent and can be converted into one another. – 1 gram of matter turned entirely into energy = 90, 000, 000 J – 1 gram of explosive produces 2931 J This is because it is not entirely turned into energy, there is some matter left