What a Wonderful World Louie Armstrong I see

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What a Wonderful World (Louie Armstrong) • I see trees of green, red roses

What a Wonderful World (Louie Armstrong) • I see trees of green, red roses too I see them bloom for me and you And I think to myself what a wonderful world. I see skies of blue and clouds of white The bright blessed day, the dark sacred night And I think to myself what a wonderful world. The colors of the rainbow so pretty in the sky Are also on the faces of people going by I see friends shaking hands saying how do you do They're really saying I love you. I hear babies crying, I watch them grow They'll learn much more than I'll never know And I think to myself what a wonderful world Yes I think to myself what a wonderful world.

Personality Strengths & Examples of Student Group PPTs Note: Group leaders to give me

Personality Strengths & Examples of Student Group PPTs Note: Group leaders to give me English names and Student IDs if all members and what week (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) you want to present your PPTs - on A 4 Paper Dr Mark Williams Ph. D. Professor of Applied Positive Psychology Shenzhen University Mobile: (0011 86 755) 13480129331 email: markw. positive@gmail. com web: www. aappi. net

Positive Psychology Course Assessments 1. Every week send a short email briefly listing 10

Positive Psychology Course Assessments 1. Every week send a short email briefly listing 10 good things using the PERMAGASMIC model (50 -80 words) to markw. positive@gmail. com 30% 2. Group PPT on applying positive psychology to some area of work and life (leader to give me an A 4 sheet with group member names and what week you want to present - weeks 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, or 15) 10% 3. Personality strengths email describing your 5 major personality strengths (see www. cnenn. com ) 10% 4. Individual speech on your life dreams and your 5 year and lifetime goals (weeks 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15) 10% 5. Attendance, participation, and informal test in last week of course (e. g. Write 3 -5 things you learned or experienced in this course, especially something that has changed your life) 40%

Example of Student Group PPT

Example of Student Group PPT

Positive Psychology On Love Dale 2009020396 Anna 2009031140 Claire 2007150024 Tim 2009020387

Positive Psychology On Love Dale 2009020396 Anna 2009031140 Claire 2007150024 Tim 2009020387

The 2 nd Stage: Counter Dependent The development of interpersonal relation Strangenes s Attentio

The 2 nd Stage: Counter Dependent The development of interpersonal relation Strangenes s Attentio n Surface Contact Friendship Intimate

“La. Cag” on dealing with independent? • • • Keep learning – romance, relationship,

“La. Cag” on dealing with independent? • • • Keep learning – romance, relationship, love Be active – face the problems directly Connect with others– talk and share Appreciate – keep the good memories Give – make time for each other 独立阶段的La. Cag理论: 保持对爱情的学习、积极主动面对遇到的问题、沟通 并分享心情、回顾曾经的美好、为对方腾出时间。

References • BGM: Close to you & The Rose from Olivia Ong • Pictures

References • BGM: Close to you & The Rose from Olivia Ong • Pictures from www. google. com • Enneagram and Relationships (2010). In The Enneagram Institute Website. Retrieved May 29, 2010, from www. enneagraminstitute. com • Fisher, Helen (2004). Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love. Henry Holt: USA-Canada

Revision – 4 models for this course 1. The D. Le. Cag 2. W.

Revision – 4 models for this course 1. The D. Le. Cag 2. W. PERMAGASMIC enhancing life rituals 3. Mindfulness practices such as STOP-SLOW and HEAL 4. 9 Strengths Types (see www. cnenn. cn test in Chinese & www. enneagraminstitute. com test & www. eclecticenergies. com/enneagram/test. php

D. LECAG and W. PERMAGASMIC Mindfulness • • • L: learn (& tell at

D. LECAG and W. PERMAGASMIC Mindfulness • • • L: learn (& tell at least • 1 new thing to • somebody) • • E: Exercise 30 min • • • C: Connect deeply with • the people in your life Daily • A: Awareness STOPSLOW mindfulness breathing • G: Gratitude (3 Good Things every night) – relive the good feeling • • Weekly P: positive emotions E: Engage fully in work R: relationships (enhance!) M: life Meaning-purpose A: Achieve to goals G: Giving money, fruit, presents to people A: Acting and living, right now in this moment, exactly like the strongest and happiest person I ever dreamed I could be – indeed I am acting and living as that person right now! S: Strengths to live by (Enneagram 9 types) M: Morph suffering (ABCreward: “Activating thought/event; Bad Belief-thinking-feeling patterns; Change; self reward”) I: Inhale-exhale belly breathing relaxation C: Communicate actively (passive & active)

Enneagram 9 Personality Strength Types Joy of contentment Joy of being strong Joy of

Enneagram 9 Personality Strength Types Joy of contentment Joy of being strong Joy of working hard 调解人,协调者 Joy of giving Joy of fun 老板,挑战者 同乐爱好者, 探险家 忠诚者, 思考者 Joy of feeling safe as part of a team 调查员图书爱好者 Joy of observing 完美主义者 付出者,帮手 成就者 浪漫主义, 个人主义者 Joy of winning Joy of being a creative free spirit

2 Chinese Stories Mr. Lin Liang Mr. Pin Piang Ms. Li Ling Ms. Pi

2 Chinese Stories Mr. Lin Liang Mr. Pin Piang Ms. Li Ling Ms. Pi Ping Liang and Ling had a small love story at SZU. He is a personality 4 (poetic-individualist) and she a personality 9 (peace-seeker). She helps him to calm down and he helps her to stop being lazy, exercise and do things. Piang and Ping had a big love story at SZU. He is a personality 7 (fun-lover, networker, enthusiast) and she is a personality 1 (perfectionist). She helps him to be confident in his strengths and he helps her to be fun-loving.

Liang and Ling • Liang 4 and Ling 9 are both withdrawn - private,

Liang and Ling • Liang 4 and Ling 9 are both withdrawn - private, and sensitive to feelings-needs of the other • Both want a deep connection with each other • They can be highly creative, and as a pair they enthusiastically support the other's creativity and give the other a good deal of space in which to develop their talents. • Both are idealistic and want to connect deeply with someone, feeling that they are on a search for their soul mate, the one person in the world with whom they can completely connect and be themselves. • bring a sensuality and love of comfort in their lifestyle, travelling habits, and in their sexual and other intimate activities

Piang and Ping • Ping 1 brings conscientiousness, orderliness, good work habits, methodical attention

Piang and Ping • Ping 1 brings conscientiousness, orderliness, good work habits, methodical attention to detail, maintaining excellence/ high standards. • Piang 7 bring spontaneity, high energy, curiosity, an orientation toward fun and adventure, the desire to try new things, and an ability to not get too hung up with getting everything done perfectly. • Ping is more methodical and help Piang stay on track – she resists getting distracted by too many options, and excels at following through with their plans. • Piang offer Ping a sense of excitement and life as a source of pleasure and enjoyment. • Ping offer Piang a sense of purpose and idealism, as well as direction and the feeling that life is noble and meaningful.

The Enneagram in the Chinese Context 在中文语境

The Enneagram in the Chinese Context 在中文语境

1 s – Perfectionists, Reformers 完美主义者,改革者 • Relax, lighten up, have fun and adventure

1 s – Perfectionists, Reformers 完美主义者,改革者 • Relax, lighten up, have fun and adventure in life. 放松,开心点,享 受冒险与欢乐。写并送上感谢信。 • Remember, angry, critical 1 s can relax and become more spontaneous and joyful (like healthy Sevens). 记住,愤 怒且严厉的1放松下来,也能变得天 真愉快,像健康的7一样

When happier, 1 s become healthy 当快乐,成为健康 1秒 • Conscientious, ethical, with a strong

When happier, 1 s become healthy 当快乐,成为健康 1秒 • Conscientious, ethical, with a strong sense of right and wrong, improving things, well -organized, orderly, maintaining high standards, 1 s can, at their best, become wise, discerning, realistic, and noble, and morally heroic. 有良知,有道德,能够明辨是 非,不断改善,思维紧密,有条理,维持高水 准可以使 1型人处在最佳状态,成为智慧的,明 察秋毫的,实际的,崇高的道德英雄

“I‘m just trying to get it right, I’m not angry!” 我只想把事做好,我没有生气! 1 s –

“I‘m just trying to get it right, I’m not angry!” 我只想把事做好,我没有生气! 1 s – take time tell a joke, laugh, smile, have a little fun and adventure (like healthy 7 s). 1 s - 花点时间讲个笑 话,让自己开怀大笑, 微笑,活得开心点和 冒险点,像健康的7 型人那样!

1 s can build on their strengths 那些可以利用他们的长处 • 1 s can become less

1 s can build on their strengths 那些可以利用他们的长处 • 1 s can become less afraid of making mistakes, less fastidious, critical and overly perfectionistic. 1型人处在最 佳状态,成为明智的,明察秋毫的, 实际的,崇高的道德英雄 • 1 s can overcome their problems with resentment and impatience. 他 可以解决怨恨和急躁的问题.

2 s - Givers and Carers 送礼者及照顾者 • Relax and be sensitive and aware

2 s - Givers and Carers 送礼者及照顾者 • Relax and be sensitive and aware of your own needs, trying not to manipulate people through giving. 写信的时候要放松, 要敏感要认识到自己的需要,但是不要希望通过 给予而控制别人. • Remember, prideful, self-deceptive 2 s can become happier, more self-nurturing and emotionally aware (like healthy Fours). 自 傲,自我欺骗的2型人可以变得更快乐,像健康 的4型人,更能自我培养和加深情感认识

When happier, 2 s become healthy 当快乐,成为健康 2秒 • Empathetic, sincere, warm-hearted, friendly, generous,

When happier, 2 s become healthy 当快乐,成为健康 2秒 • Empathetic, sincere, warm-hearted, friendly, generous, and selfsacrificing, well-meaning and driven to be close to others, 2 s can, at their best, become unselfish and altruistic, having unconditional love for others. 有同情心,真诚,热情, 友好,慷慨,和有自我牺牲的精 神,变得善意,变得渴望接近他 人,这样可以使 2型人处在最佳状 态,使之成为无私的人和利他主 义者,会无条件的爱别人.

“Lots of people couldn't get along without me. But is that good or bad?

“Lots of people couldn't get along without me. But is that good or bad? 没我在,很多人不知道怎么和别人相处。这 到底是好还是坏? 2 s – relax, don’t do so much or give too much for others, be sensitive and do things carefully (like healthy 4 s). 2 - 不要给予他人太多, 要敏感点,多为自己做 点事,像健康的4型人 !

2 s can build on their strengths 2可以利用他们的长处 • 2 s can become less

2 s can build on their strengths 2可以利用他们的长处 • 2 s can become less sentimental, flattering, less people-pleasing, less doing things for others in order to be needed. 2型人可以变得不那么多 愁善感,恭维,人民满意,为他人 做事,以便被需要 • 2 s can overcome their problems of possessiveness and not acknowledging their own needs. 他 们可以通过为别人解决问题而忘记 自己的需要.

3 s – Achievers and Winners 3 s技术 - 成就者及得奖者 • Relax, do a

3 s – Achievers and Winners 3 s技术 - 成就者及得奖者 • Relax, do a few less things so you can think of how others can benefit, not just you. 放松,少 做一些事情,这样才有心思写感激信,能想想怎样 让别人也获益,而不止是自己. • Remember that vain, deceitful 3 s can become happier, more cooperative and committed to others, like healthy Sixes. 请记住,空虚的奸猾 的3号会变得更快乐,更配合和帮助他人,如健康的 6号.

When happier, 3 s become healthy 当快乐,3 s技术成为健康 • Self-assured, attractive, charming, ambitious, competent,

When happier, 3 s become healthy 当快乐,3 s技术成为健康 • Self-assured, attractive, charming, ambitious, competent, and energetic, status-conscious, highly driven for advancement, diplomatic and poised, 3 s can, at their best, become selfaccepting, authentic, everything they seem to be—role models who inspire others. 自信,有吸 引力的,迷人的,雄心勃勃的,称职,并充满活力, 地位意识强,渴望进步,有外交能力和镇静的,这样 可以使 3型人处在最佳状态,变得更能自我接受,可靠, 所有一切都像是激励他人的榜样

"I'm busy all of the time. There's competition in everything I do. I just

"I'm busy all of the time. There's competition in everything I do. I just love that arena. 我总 是很忙。我做的一切都充满竞争。我很爱这个 舞台。 " 3 s – slow down a little, become careful, loyal, work and win for the team like healthy 6 s! 3 - 放慢脚步,谨 慎点,忠诚点,为团 体而奋斗,胜利,像 健康 6型人!

3 s can build on their strengths 3 s可以利用他们的优势 • 3 s can be

3 s can build on their strengths 3 s可以利用他们的优势 • 3 s can be less overly concerned with their image and what others think of them. 3号可不过于担心自己的形 象和别人是怎么想的 • 3 s can overcome their problems with workaholism and competitiveness. 3号能 够通过疯狂 作和自己的竞 争力来克服遇到的困难

4 s can build on their strengths 4 s可以利用他们的优势 • 4 s become less

4 s can build on their strengths 4 s可以利用他们的优势 • 4 s become less moody, less intense, less self-conscious, less withholding themselves from others due to feeling vulnerable and defective, less disdainful and exempt from ordinary ways of living. 四是自我意识强,敏感,并保留。他们感情上诚实,创新,和保持 个人,他们希望通过高度创造性来恢 复自己 和改造自己,而不是平凡的活着 • 4 s can overcome problems with melancholy, self-pity, and self-indulgence. 4号会通过忧郁, 自我放纵,自我怜悯的去面对所遇 到的问题

When happier, 4 s become healthy 当快乐的时候,4会变得健康 • Self-aware, sensitive, and reserved, emotionally honest,

When happier, 4 s become healthy 当快乐的时候,4会变得健康 • Self-aware, sensitive, and reserved, emotionally honest, creative, and personal, 4 s can, at their best, become inspired and highly creative, able to renew themselves and transform their experiences into powerful communication or works of artistic expression. 有自我意识,敏 感和保守,他们感情上诚实,创新, 这样可以使 4型人处在最佳状态,他 们将大受启发和变得更有创造力, 把他们的经验转换成有效的交流或 有艺术表现的作品

4 s - Romantic Individualists 4 s - 浪漫的个人主义者 • Relax and do a

4 s - Romantic Individualists 4 s - 浪漫的个人主义者 • Relax and do a good, steady, calm, thorough job of whatever you do trying to be objective and not overly dramatic or special. 放松,沉稳,冷静,不论做什么都尽 量客观,不要过于戏剧性或者特别. • Remember that envious, emotionally turbulent 4 s can become more objective and principled (like healthy 1 s). 请记住, 爱羡慕,情绪动荡的4号能像健康的1号一样, 变得更主观,有原则性.

5 s - “I think, therefore I am. ” “我思故我在” Alert, insightful, curious, innovative,

5 s - “I think, therefore I am. ” “我思故我在” Alert, insightful, curious, innovative, independent, and inventive, able to concentrate and focus on developing complex ideas and skills, 5 s can, at their best, become visionary pioneers, often ahead of their time, and able to see the world in an entirely new way. 变得警惕,有见 地,有好奇心,创新,独立 和创造性,能够集中精力, 致力于思考复杂的想法和技 巧, 这样可以使 5型人处在 最佳状态,成为富有远见的 先行者,总走在时间的前面, 并能以全新的方式看世界.

5 s - The Observer 5 s - 观察者 • Relax and be outgoing

5 s - The Observer 5 s - 观察者 • Relax and be outgoing and generous in life. 在生活中,总是放松,外向开朗,并 且慷慨大方。 • Remember that stingy, detached 5 s can become more self-confident and decisive, like healthy Eights. 请记住,吝啬,超然的5 号能够像 8号一样变得自 信、果断.

5 s can build on their strengths 5 s 可以利用自己的优势 • 5 s become

5 s can build on their strengths 5 s 可以利用自己的优势 • 5 s become less preoccupied with their thoughts and imaginary constructs, less detached, less high-strung and intense. 5变得不那么关心他们的思想和想象的构造。不那么超脱, 较少高度敏感 和紧张. • 5 s can overcome problems with eccentricity, nihilism, and isolation. 5克服问题时会偏心,虚无主义和孤立。 在最佳状态:有远见的先行者, 往往未来的时间,并能看到世界上 的一种全新方法.

6 s - The Questioning Loyalists 效忠派的追问 • Be confident and trust yourself in

6 s - The Questioning Loyalists 效忠派的追问 • Be confident and trust yourself in life – you are more talented and stronger than you know. 在生活中 要对自己有信心和信任自 己. 你比自己所知道的更有 天赋和坚强 • Fearful, pessimistic 6 s can become more relaxed, strong and confident (like healthy 9 s). 恐惧,悲观的 6可以变得更加轻松,强 大和乐观,就像健康的9 那样. • -

When happier, 6 s become healthy 当快乐的时候,6 S会变得健康 • Reliable, hard-working, responsible, trustworthy, excellent

When happier, 6 s become healthy 当快乐的时候,6 S会变得健康 • Reliable, hard-working, responsible, trustworthy, excellent “troubleshooters, ” forseeing problems and fostering cooperation, 6 s can, at their best, become internally stable and self-reliant, courageously championing themselves and others. 可靠,勤奋 作,负责,值得信赖的,优秀的“疑难解 答”者 , 能预测问题,促进合作,这样 可以使 6型人处在最佳状态成为内心稳定和 自立,勇敢地捍卫自己和他人的人

6 s can build on their strengths 6 s 可以利用自己的优势 • 6 s become

6 s can build on their strengths 6 s 可以利用自己的优势 • 6 s become less defensive, evasive, anxious, cautious, indecisive, reactive, defiant and rebellious, and they stop running on stress while complaining about it. 6越来越少防御,回避,焦虑,谨慎, 优柔寡断,被动的,挑衅和反抗,他们 停止对抗压力,而是选择抱怨. • 6 s can overcome problems with self-doubt and suspicion. 6在面对问题的 时候,会自我怀疑和猜疑

7 s: Adventurer, Enthusiast 冒险家,发烧友 • Slow down, cancel some engagements and think a

7 s: Adventurer, Enthusiast 冒险家,发烧友 • Slow down, cancel some engagements and think a while before you do things. 慢慢来,取消 一些约会,并在做事情前好好想想. • Gluttonous, scattered 7 s can become more focused and fascinated by life, like healthy 5 s. 贪嘴和松散的7会更 集中注意力,更为生活着迷,就像 健康的5.

When happier, 7 s become healthy 当快乐的似乎,7 s 会变得健康 • Extroverted, optimistic, versatile, spontaneous,

When happier, 7 s become healthy 当快乐的似乎,7 s 会变得健康 • Extroverted, optimistic, versatile, spontaneous, playful, high-spirited, practical, talented, seeking new experiences, 7 s can, at their best, properly focus their talents on worthwhile goals, becoming appreciative, joyous, and satisfied. 外向,乐观,多才多艺的,自发的,好玩的,昂 扬的,实际的,有才华,寻求新的经验,这样可 以使 7型人处在最佳状态,正确的将你的才华运用 在有价值的目标上(树立正确的价值观),学会 感恩,快乐和满足.

 • 7 s can properly apply their many becoming less over 7 s

• 7 s can properly apply their many becoming less over 7 s can build on their talents, extended, scattered, strengths undisciplined, less frantic in new and exciting 7 s 可以利用他们的优势 seeking experiences, and less distracted and exhausted by staying on the go. 7的可以适当运用他们的许多优秀 才华,变得不那么过分放松,懒散, 不守纪律,不那么疯狂的寻找新的和 令人兴奋的经验,不因为分心或者心 力憔悴而滞留在路途中 • 7 s can overcome their problems with impatience and impulsiveness. 7遇到问题时会不耐 烦和冲动

When happier, 8 s become healthy 当幸福的时候,8 s 会变得健康 • Self-confident, strong, assertive. protective,

When happier, 8 s become healthy 当幸福的时候,8 s 会变得健康 • Self-confident, strong, assertive. protective, resourceful, straight-talking, decisive, control their environment and people, 8 s can, at their best, become self- mastering, using their strength to improve others’ lives, becoming heroic, magnanimous, and inspiring. 自信,有 权势,自信,保护性,足智多谋,说话直, 果断,能控制他们的环境和人民, 这样可 以使 8型人处在最佳状态,变得更能自我掌 握,利用他们的优势,改善他人的生活,成 为英雄,变得宽宏大量,变得激励人心!

8 s: The Boss, Challenger 老板,挑战者 • Take a deep breathe, relax, be vulnerable

8 s: The Boss, Challenger 老板,挑战者 • Take a deep breathe, relax, be vulnerable by sharing personally from your heart with trusted friends. 深呼吸,放松,发自内心去和自 己信任的朋友分享自己的想法. • Lustful, controlling 8 s can become more open-hearted and caring (like healthy 2 s). 贪婪的,有强控制欲 的8可以变得更加开放的心和关怀, 像健康的2

8 s can build on their • strengths (determined and strong) 8 s可以利用他们的优势( 坚定和强势)

8 s can build on their • strengths (determined and strong) 8 s可以利用他们的优势( 坚定和强势) 8 s can become ego-centric and domineering, less compelled to totally control their environment, especially people, and less confrontational and intimidating. 8 的可以成为自我为中心的霸道, 减少迫使完全控制他们的环境, 尤其是人,而不是对抗和恐吓. • 8 s can overcome problems with their always picking a fight and getting into bad tempers. 8遇到问 题时总会挑起争斗和带上坏脾气

9 s: Calm Peace-makers 冷静和平的决策者 • Be active, energetic and get on quickly with

9 s: Calm Peace-makers 冷静和平的决策者 • Be active, energetic and get on quickly with things you need to do! 积极点,保持精力充沛,快点儿 开始你要做的事吧! • Slothful, self-neglecting 9 s can become more self-developing and energetic, like healthy 3. 懒惰,自 我忽视的9会变得更加自我增值 和充满活力,健康的3一样.

When happier, 9 s become healthy 当幸福的时候,9 s 会变得健康 • Creative, optimistic, supportive, wanting

When happier, 9 s become healthy 当幸福的时候,9 s 会变得健康 • Creative, optimistic, supportive, wanting everything to go smoothly without conflict, minimizing anything upsetting, 9 s can become, at their best, indomitable and all-embracing, able to bring people together and heal conflicts. 创新,乐观,支持, 希望一切顺利没有冲突,最大限度 地减少任何破坏,这样可以使 9型 人处在最佳状态,将人们团结在一 起、平复争端.

9 s can build on their strengths 9 s可以利用他们的长处 • 9 s can be

9 s can build on their strengths 9 s可以利用他们的长处 • 9 s can be less willing to go along with others to keep the peace at any price, less complacent, less likely to simplifying problems and wrongly ignoring anything upsetting. 9可能会 不太愿意与他人一起维持和平,不容易 自满,不太可能简化问题,并错误地忽 略任何破坏. • 9 s can overcome their problems with lazyness, procrastination and stubbornness. 9 遇到问题势会变得 惰性和固执.

E. g. My Ennea 4 strengths (see www. enneagraminstitute. com ) • At my

E. g. My Ennea 4 strengths (see www. enneagraminstitute. com ) • At my Best: With steady, practical and diligent effort, able to create original and useful achievements expressing the personal and universal • Can renew myself to become steady and successful • Can transform all experiences into something positive • Sensitive & intuitive both to self and others • gentle, tactful, highly personal, compassionate, individualistic, true to self, self-revealing, emotionally honest, humane, ironic view of self & life • both vulnerable & emotionally strong, and serious & funny at the same time.

Personality strengths • Using one’s signature strengths in a new way increased happiness and

Personality strengths • Using one’s signature strengths in a new way increased happiness and decreased depression for 6 months (Gander, Proyer, Ruch, & Wyss, 2012). • Using one’s signature strengths in a new way increased happiness for 6 months and decreased depression for 3 months (Mongrain & Anselmo. Matthews, 2012). • Using one’s signature strengths in a new and unique way is an effective intervention: it increased happiness and decreased depression for 6 months (Seligman, Steen, Park, Peterson, 2005). • Random assignment to a group instructed to use 2 signature strengths or use 1 signature strength and 1 bottom strength revealed significant gains in satisfaction with life compared with a control group but no differences between the 2 treatment groups (Rust, Diessner, & Reade, 2009).

Personality strengths • The use of one’s top strengths leads to a decreased likelihood

Personality strengths • The use of one’s top strengths leads to a decreased likelihood of depression and stress and an increase in satisfaction in law students (Peterson & Peterson, 2008). • The identification of signature strengths followed by discussion with a friend about strengths and use of three signature strengths in daily life boost cognitive (but not affective) well-being at three months follow-up (Mitchell, Stanimirovic, Klein, & Vella-Brodrick, 2009). • Among youth, the use of signature strengths in novel ways along with personally meaningful goal-setting led to increases in student engagement and hope (Madden, Green, & Grant, 2011). • There is a strong connection between well-being and the use of signature strengths because strengths helps us make progress on our goals and meet our basic needs for independence, relationship, and competence (Linley et al. , 2010).

Personality strengths • A qualitative study examined the use of VIA strengths by women

Personality strengths • A qualitative study examined the use of VIA strengths by women in the workplace and found that in all cases, strengths led to a “virtuous circle” in which the strengths use helped them overcome obstacles that had impeded strengths use. All subjects derived unique value from using character strengths at work (Elson & Boniwell, 2011). • Individuals who use their character strengths experienced greater well-being, which was related to both physical and mental health. Strengths use was a unique predictor of subjective well-being after self-esteem and self-efficacy were controlled for (Proctor, Maltby, & Linley, 2009). • In a longitudinal study, strengths use was found to be an important predictor of well-being and led to less stress and increased positive affect, vitality, and self-esteem at 3 -month and 6 -month follow-up (Wood et al. , 2011).

References • Ben-Shahar, Tal. (2007). Happier: Learn the Secrets to Daily Joy and Lasting

References • Ben-Shahar, Tal. (2007). Happier: Learn the Secrets to Daily Joy and Lasting Fulfilment. Mc. Graw-Hill: New York • Cognitive behavioral therapy. (2010, April 6). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 12: 23, April 8, 2010, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Cognitive_behavioral_therapy&oldid=35 4287980 • Diener, E. , & Biswas-Diener, R. (2008). Happiness: Unlocking the mysteries of psychological wealth. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. • Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 300 - 319. • Mindfulness (psychology). (2010, April 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 12: 28, April 8, 2010, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Mindfulness_(psychology)&oldid=354018 552 • Seligman, M. Learned Optimism: How to Change Your Mind and Your Life. New York: Pocket Books

References • Enneagram and Relationships (2010). In The Enneagram Institute Website. Retrieved May 29,

References • Enneagram and Relationships (2010). In The Enneagram Institute Website. Retrieved May 29, 2010, from www. enneagraminstitute. com • Fisher, Helen (2004). Why We Love: The Nature and Chemistry of Romantic Love. Henry Holt: USA-Canada • Fisher, Helen (2009). Why Him? Why Her? : Finding Real Love By Understanding Your Personality Type. Oneworld Publications: UK-Commonwealth • Helen Fisher (anthropologist). (2010, May 31). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved May 28, 2010, from http: //en. wikipedia. org/w/index. php? title=Helen_Fisher_(anthropologist)&oldid=3606 62891 • Levin, Michael. (1988) Feminism and Freedom, Transaction Publishers, New Brunswick, New Jersey • Love. (2010, June 2). In The Free Dictionary by Farlex. Retrieved June 2, 2010, from http: //www. thefreedictionary. com/love • Nadeau, Robert. (1997). "Brain Sex and the Language of Love, " The World & I, Nov. 1 • Stossel, John (1998, January 17) "Boys & Girls Are Different: Men, Women, and the Sex Difference, " ABC News Special, January 17, 1998, transcript from the Internet, The Electric Library. York, Frank. (1998) Gender Differences Are Real. In National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality. Retrieved May 28, 2010, from http: //www. narth. com/docs/york. html