WHAP MIDTERM REVIEW Using review guides Content Units

WHAP MID-TERM REVIEW Using review guide(s)

Content - Units Period 1 Period Title Technological and Environmental Transformations Date Range 8, 000 - 600 B. C. E. Weight Q’s 5% 15% 2 11 20% Regional and Transregional 3 Interactions 600 C. E. - 1450 14 20% Global Interactions 4 1450 - 1750 14 No more than 20% of the questions will focus solely on Europe. 20% Industrialization and Global Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies 600 B. C. E. - 600 C. E. # of 3 -4 10 - 2

5 Themes � � � Interaction between humans & the environment: demography & disease, migration, patterns of settlement, technology Development and interaction of cultures: religions; belief systems, philosophies, and ideologies; science & technology; the arts and architecture State-building, expansion, and conflict: political structures & forms of governance, empires; nations & nationalism; revolts & revolutions; regional, transregional, & global structures & organizations Creation, expansion, & interaction of economic systems: agricultural & pastoral production, trade & commerce, labor systems, industrialization, capitalism & socialism Development and transformation of social structures: gender roles and relations, family & kinship, racial & ethnic constructions; social & economic classes

Know your regions Latin America and the Caribbean East Asia: China Japan S. E. Asia Indochina Malay Archipelago Sub-Saharan Arica S. W Asia or Middle East Egypt, Arabian Peninsula, Anatolia Sudanic States: Ghana, Mali, Songhai, South Africa What defines a region? Know the history of at least one civilization/country per region. 4 South Asia: India

Where do you start? � � � In the beginning silly!!! Collect all those notes in nice, neat, easy to reach places (pour through them) Gather up all review sheets ( vocab, out of time, themes : satirical cartoons, word association, thesis development) Use those review books ( and Strayer the player too) Get together and work with WHAP peers Check out websites, quizlets and my groupshare ( where you can get access to this

Use your checklist � � Vocabulary review sheet- for each word develop a 5 bullet point identifying definitions, relevance and other important details ( you can fit at least 6 per paper ________ Word Association: Identify which region these themes hail from _________ Thesis Development: fill in the missing argument _____________ Once Upon a Time: Test your periodization skills______________

� Asoka: conversion after the Battle of kalinga and the establishment of a Pax Mauryana

� Buddhism

� Civil service system in China ( starting in Han Dynasty)

� Monasteries

� Post-Classical India’s convergence of Islam and use of numerals, trade routes, etc.

� Byzantine Accomplishments

� Pillars of Islam

� Practice of Muslims on non-Muslims (Mawali)

� Persian accomplishments

� Navigational instruments adopted and adapted by Dar Al Islam

� Rise of Feudal Japan (Shogunate, military aristocracy, Bakufu)

� Africa before Islam and Christianity( animism)

� Bantu Migrations

� Buddhism and Christianity

� Phoenicians

� Hammurabi’s Laws

� Sunni-Shiite split

� Confucian teachings

� Nomadic impacts on the post-classical world

� Changing role of Women in Dar Al Islam

� Nomadic movements

� Post-Classical cities ( location along lucrative trade routes)

� Role of nomads

� Advancements in navigation

� Universalizing religions ( appeal to the masses spread along trade routes, prostelytyzing)

� Chinese philosophies coming out of instability

� scientists

� Monumental religious architecture

� Forms of governance

� Contributions to the decline and fall of empires

� rebellions

� Forms of diplomatic agreements

� Neolithic revolution

� Major interregional trading networks

� Forms of coercive (forced) labor systems

� Manners to control lucrative trade in one’s favor

� Forms of restricting women’s role in societies

� families

� Las Castas System

� Caste system

Women and the Agricultural/Neolithic Revolution � � � Development of patriarchal institutions Limited women’s to control inheritance Women relegated to domestic duties Men needed to endure their inheritance ( property, name, legacy) Women may have been the first agriculturalist based on what they used to do why?

Pastoralists � � � Nomadic herders (sometimes percieved as barbarians by sedentary societies) Travel, transmit, technologies More of them than the sedentary agriculturalist throughout much of prehistory/history From regions unfavorable to agriculture Called uncivilized, and barbaric by sedentary civlizations

Sumerians and Olmecs Similarities Differences Both agricultural Both decentralized Both “mother cultures” Both civlizations Both adapt to geography Sumerians river valley Olmecs slash and burn Sumerians cuneiform Olmecs glyph Sumerians wheat Olmecs corn Sumerians Mesopotamia Olmecs Central Valley of Mexico

Ashoka � � � Conversion to Buddhism after Battle of Kalinga Mauryan “Pax” Rock Pillar Edicts facilitated spread of Buddhism Religiously tolerant Remorse for Aggression Conquest through teaching

Tenets of Hindusim � � � Polytheistic( Brahma kinda monotheistic) Dharma-duties Karma- determines samsara (reincarnation) Varna- caste(job, social relations, rigid) Text: Vedas, Upanishads, Ramayana, Mahabarata, Baghavad Gita and Code of Manu Glue that holds India together

Tenets of Buddhism � � � Founder: Sidartha Guatama 4 noble truths 8 fold path Nirvana Theraveda, Mahayana, Zen, Tibetan

Tenets of Confucianism � � � 5 relationships Analects Filial piety Use to justify Mandate of Heaven Use in civil service exams Patriarchy (3 obediences)

Examination system � � � Meritocracy Nepotism Civil service Bureaucracy Han Dynasty vs Tang Dynasty

Judaism � � � Monotheistic Torah, Diaspora, Hebrew Anti-semitism Israel People of the book?

Classical Persia � � � Religiously tolerant Royal roads Zoroastrianism Qanats Satraps

Greek rationalism � � � Hellenic philosophy Use of questioning to explain Not scientific method A movement away from Hellenic religion Birth of math, science, history etc. in Greece and Hellenistic Kingdoms Humanism

Christianity � � � Birth in Roman province of Judea Oppression under early Roman Emperors (Nero) Constantine: Edict of Milan, Council of Nycea (creed) Division (Great Schism) Crusades Feudal Europe vs Byzantium

Characteristics of Roman Empire � � � � Kept republic at bay Expanded using legions, laws and Latin Engineered an empire Strong stoic emperors starting with Augustus “bread and circuses” Extension of citizenship to conquered peoples Over 40% slavery negated a necessity for technology

Collapse of empires � � Conrad-Demarest model See also loss of Mandate of Heaven for China Never one reason: corruption, overtaxation of peasantry, over-extension of territorial boundaries, nomadic invaders, lack of adoption of new technologies Remember, there’s always someone bigger and badder, someone who wants it more and someone who will wait for you to mess up and take it from you!!!!!!!

Classical Era � � � Strong centralized bureaucracies Unified under a banner of ideologies Control over lucrative trade “Golden Ages” Enhanced lasting legacies felt in the post-classical world

Lateen Sail � � � Advancement of Hindu kingdoms and Arabs (also dhow) Utilized the monsoon winds along Indian Ocean “Southernization” Utilized by Iberian caravels later during the Age of exploration Intensive hemispheric interactions

Silk Route Trade � � � Connecting East (Chang’An China) to West (Constantinople) Started by Alexander (the Great) Utilized a network of trading regions (Rome-Han, Abbasid-Tang/Song, Mongol) Paper, silk, pepper, horses, glasswares, and other important goods traded Islam, Christianity, and Buddhism spread across

Medieval Period (Western Europe) � � � Collapse of Rome Feudalism( look out for Vikings, Magyars, Moors) Christianity unifying force Spanish anomoly (Caliphate of Cordova/Al Ahmbra) Crusades

Byzantine Empire � � � Capital Constantinople (Western terminus of silk route trade) Great Schism (Eastern Orthodox) Ceasaropapism Justinian’s Code Domed Cathedrals (Hagia Sofia) Influence on Russia

Islam � � � � 5 pillars Koran Hadith Spread (Dar Al Islam) Global House of Wisdom Shariah Women