Welcome to the Enlightenment The Enlightenment lasted from

Welcome to the Enlightenment! The Enlightenment lasted from about 16501800. 1

Create a 6 Tab Foldable by starting with 3 Tabs 2

Roots of Enlightenment • Along the Edge of your foldable write: Roots of Enlightenment • The 1 st tab label: Enlightenment Definition • 2 nd tab: Greeks and Roman • 3 rd tab: Renaissance • 4 th tab: Reformation • 5 th tab: Scientific Revolution • 6 th tab: Question/Summary Enlightenm ent Definition Greeks and Romans Renaissance Reformation Scientific Revolution Question/ Summary 3

What was the Enlightenment? Attitude and intellectual movement of thought. Enlightenment: A time when reason was used to find out truths about human beings! People questioned science and government 4

Roots of Enlightenment Greeks and Romans • The Greeks (2000 bce) were the first to develop a direct democracy in Athens • Greece was divided into small city-states with their own individual governments • People could govern themselves and all citizens participated. • During this time Philosophers like Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle also played important roles discussing government and questioning society 5

• As Greek city states fell, Rome began to develop as a Republic in 509 bce. – A republic is a form of democracy that used representatives. Because Rome was so large it could not use direct democracy. – Rome had different • Many of the ideas of branches of the government the Greeks and like a Consul, Senate, and Romans we use still Assembly today but it took – Rome also created a set of awhile for us to laws known as the 12 remember them. Tables 6

Roots of Enlightenment Renaissance (1300 -1600) • Or Rebirth led to the rediscovery of classical teachings from the Greeks and Romans. • Focused in Italy but influenced the rest of Europe • Concerned more about human beings and not God. 7

• Humanism – puts value in human actions and nature • The Importance of the individual to use reason • Many stressed the idea of equality • Philosophers began to question authority figures like the church • This led to the… 8

Roots of Enlightenment Reformation • The Reformation started in Germany and wanted to Reform = Change the Catholic Church. • Martin Luther challenged the Church for selling pardons for sins. • He believed people were only saved through their faith with God. • Many separated from the Catholic Church and began Protestantism beginning in 1517. • Protestants emphasized the individual and not priests. People could find their own way towards God 9

Roots of Enlightenment Scientific Revolution Observation, logic, and reasoning You mean, I’m not the center of everything? ! Questioning beliefs and ideas Galileo facing the Roman Inquisition, a painting by Cristiano Banti, 1857 10

Roots of Enlightenment Scientific Revolution • People continued to question in the 1500’s based on observations • Scientists began to question old ideas and views – Nicolaus Copernicus for example said the earth revolved around the sun – Isaac Newton described the law of gravity – The concept of using a scientific method was developed using a hypothesis 11

What was the strongest influence on the Enlightenment? How do you think the Enlightenment affected common citizens? Wait until you see how it affects your life! The Greeks/Roman, Renaissance, Reformation, and Scientific Revolution all contributed with new ways of thinking and looking at things. 12

Write a paragraph answering the Question: What was the strongest influence on the Enlightenment and how you think it affected the common Citizen ? Alternate assignment: write a summary about what influenced the Enlightenment 13

The End 14