welcome to our class The Voice of Verbs

welcome to our class

The Voice of Verbs

V active voice Grandma passive voice brought up Tom. 主动 被动 Tom was brought up by Grandma.

Conclusion: active voice: 主语 谓语 宾语. 主动 被动 passive voice: 宾语 Attention : 谓语 （by 主语）. 但有些及物动词不能以被动语态出 现 ，例如：happen, take place, break out, hold, suit, fit, become等

Revision: 1. The basic structure: be + p. p. 2. Structure: for sample (tell): 形态 一般 时间 现在 进行 完成 I am told I am being told I have been told 过去 I was told I was being told I had been told 将来 I shall be told 过去将来 I should be told I shall have been told

各种词态主动语态变成被动语态的结构形式 一般式 进行式 完成式 现在时 do/does am/is/are+d one am/is/are+doin g am/is/are+bein g+done have/has+been +done 过去时 did was/were+don e was/were+doin g was/were+bein gdone had been done 将来时 will/shall/do will/shall+be +done 情态动词 can+do

Lecture: IV Special passive voice egl: The teacher made Tom answer it again. Tom was made to answer it again. He was seen to enter the hall. Conclusion 1: 在使役动词make以及感官动词see, hear 等动词后，需加不定词 to. to

eg 2 : 1. The doctor has been sent. (T/F) The doctor has been sent for. 2. The disabled should not be laughed. (T/F) The disabled should not be laughed at. Conclusion 2 : 注意： 短语动词后不可丢失其附加的介词、副 词或短语。例如： look at, laugh at, send for, call on, carry out, listen to, take care of, depend on, give up 等

eg 3: 1. The room need cleaning (=need to be cleaned). (需要清洁） 2. The film is worth seeing. (值得看）a second time. Conclusion 3: 有些动名词在want, need, require和形容 词worth后形式为主动，意义为被动；

eg 4: 1. The kind of cloth 2. These books washes sell . （洗起来 ）easily. . (好卖）well. Conclusion 4: 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义；例如： clean, wash, sell, feel, read, write, iron, prove等

eg 5: 1. She was unhappy because she didn’t 得到邀请） get invited Conclusion 5: 除助动词be还有get, become等均可构成 被动语态； . (

EXERCISE： 一、将下列各句变为被动语态 1. He gave me a present I was given a present by him. 2. My sister made the soup The soup was made by my sister. 3. You must clean your watch once a year Your watch must be cleaned once a year. 4. The workers could not find the manager anywhere in the factory The manager could not be found anywhere in the factory by the workers 5. The army engineers and soldiers have built a bridge over the river A bridge has been built over the river by the army engineers and soldiers

2. cloze : 1. All the cups ( D ) out before we arrived. A. are sold B. have been sold C. will be sold D. had been sold 2. The work ( A ) soon. A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 3. His “Selected Poems” ( B ) in 1985. A. were published B. was published C. is published D. has been published 4. The Great Wall ( B ) all over the word. A. was known B. is known C. was knew D. is knew 5. The problems ( C ) now. A. are discussed B. are discussing C. are being discussed D. is going to discuss

2. cloze : 6. That big room ( D ) for rehearsal. A. uses B. shall use C. is using D. can be used 7. These films ( D ) until 8 o’clock. A. can’t develop B. aren’t developing C. won’t develop D. won’t be developed 8. Cakes ( B ) too long in the oven. A. is not left B. must not be left C. is not to leave D. is not being left 9. She held something at her side which ( c ) by the folds of her dress. A. hid B. hided C. was hidden D. was hiding 10. A storm ( C ) by a calm. A. is often being followed B. was often followed C. is often followed D. has often been followed

EXERCISE： 三、汉译英 1. 这个班由布朗先生教英语。 The class is taught English by Mr. Brown. 2. 那棵大树被风刮倒了。 That big tree was blown down by the wind. 3. 那封信已由王林写好。 The letter has been written by Wang Lin.

Homework: do the exercise on P 86~88