Welcome to my class dear students Presentation conducted

Welcome to my class dear students

Presentation conducted by MD. MILAN SHIKDER Assistant teacher (English) Hazi Abdul Malek Girls’ High School Shipyard, Khulna.

After we have studied this lesson we will be able to. Have the conception of transformation ask and answer question Able to transfer simple, complex and compound

Topic Transformation Of Sentence

Let’s enjoy some pictures Affirmative ↔ Negative Somebody/any body/only …. . -none but Affirmative-Only Mr Khan loves the child. Negative- None but Mr Khan loves the child. Something - nothing but Affirmative -It is only a flower. Negative -It is nothing but a flower.

Allah/Alone - None but Affirmative-Allah can alone help us. Negative- None but Allah can help us. Age/number---Only-not more/less than Affirmative-I am only ten. Negative-I am not more /less than ten. Must - can not help + verb+ing/ Can not but+v 0 Affirmative -I must give the poor wealth. Negative-I can not help giving the poor wealth.

Some other changes Good-bad too. . to ↔so. . that subject Never-ever/always can not v 0. . Forget-remember As soon as ↔No sooner. . Moral-immoral …than Kind-unkind/cruel every noun ↔there is no Like-dislike noun but Love-hate Both. . and-not only. . but also

A: Examples a) Affirmative -Raj is a good boy. Negative -Raj is not a bad boy. b)Affirmative-He always speaks the truth. Negative-He never tells a lie. c)Affirmative-He is a kind man. Negative-He is not a cruel man. d)Affirmative-Man is mortal. Negative-Man is not immortal.

B: More Examplese) Affirmative-She likes him. Negative-She does not dislike him. f)Affirmative-Reza loves Ritu. Negative-Reza does not hate Ritu. g)Affirmative-Raj writes both novel and poetry. Negative-Raj writes not only novel but also poetry.

C: More Examplesh)Affirmative-He is too weak to walk Negative-He is so weak that he can not walk. i)Affirmative-As soon as she saw the thief , he ran away. Negative- No sooner had she seen the thief than he ran away. j)Affirmative-Every mother loves her child. Negative- There is no mother but loves her child.

Assertive ↔ Interrogative If Assertive change Interrogative Affirmative ↔ Negative Everybody/nobody ↔ who Roni is brilliant. Isn’t Roni brilliant ? He does not like it. Does he like it? Everybody loves her. Nobody hates him. Who doesn’t love her? Who hates him? into

Assertive ↔ Imperative a) Assertive -You should speak the truth. Imperative- Speak the truth. b)Assertive-Let us solve it. Imperative-We should solve it. c) Assertive- He might go now. Imperative-Let him go now.

Exclamatory ↔Assertive (Article adverb adjective)-a very great Very ↔what Assertive- He is a very great man. Exclamatory- What a great man he is !

Exclamatory ↔ Assertive (article adjective)- a great ↔ what Assertive - She is a great girl. Exclamatory - What a girl she is!

Exclamatory ↔ Assertive Other changes How ↔ very Hurrah! ↔ It is a matter of joy that Alas! ↔ It is a matter of sorrow that If/would/had ↔ Subject +wish + that…. .

Examples: a) Exclamatory-How fine it is! Assertive-It is very fine. b)Exclamatory - If I were a bird! Assertive - I wish I were a bird. c) Exclamatory - Hurrah! I won the game. Assertive- It is a matter of joy that I won the game. d)Exclamatory- Alas! I am undone. Assertive- It is a matter of sorrow that I am undone.

Simple , Complex , compound Complex Since/as Simple Compound Verb ing. . . , clause Because of possessive adjective verb ing…. . , clause When At the time of possessive adjective verb ing. . . , clause Since/as Subject verb ing… , clause Clause and clause

Examples. Complex Simple Compound As he killed the bird Killing the bird, he was punished. (kill) He killed the bird and was punished. Since she was ill, she Because of her could not come. being ill, she could not come. (be) She was ill and could not come. When I saw him , he At the time of my I saw him and then went away. seeing him , he went away. (see) As the weather was cold, I could not go out. The weather being cold, I could not go out. (be) The weather was cold and I could not go out.

Complex When Simple A vast period → in A little period → at Season → in/during Morning/evening → in the morning/evening Age → at Compound Clause and then clause Examples: When it was midnight , I At midnight, I went out. It was midnight and went out. then I went out. When it was 1988, I was born. In 1988, I was born. It was 1988 and then I was born. When it is Spring , the cuckoo sings. In Spring , the cuckoo sings. It is Spring and then the cuckoo sings. When I was four, I could picture him. At four, I could picture him. I was four and then I could picture him.

Complex Though/although Simple In spite of/ Despite + possessive adjective verbing. . , clause Compound Clause but clause Though he is poor , he In spite of his being poor He is poor but honest. is honest. , he is honest. If clause (affirmative) If clause (negative) By verbing… , clause Imperative and imperative Without verbing… , Imperative or clause imperative If you work hard , you By working hard , you will succeed in life. Work hard and succeed in life. If you do not work hard, you will fail in life. Work hard or fail in life. Without working hard , you will fail in life.

+ Complex Simple Compound Subject verb so…that subject can not v 0… Subject verb too…to vo. . subject verb very…and subject can not v 0… He is so weak that he can not walk fast. He is too weak to walk fast. He is very weak and he can not walk fast. Subject verb. . so that subject can vo. . Subject verb …to vo. . Subject want to vo. . and so subject verb. . He works hard so that he can prosper in life He works hard to prosper in life. He wants to prosper in life and so he works hard.

Miscellaneous-i a) Simple-I saw a gentle man. Complex-I saw a man who was gentle. Compound-I saw a man and he was gentle. b)Simple- He gave me a nice flower. Complex- He gave me a flower which was nice. Compound-He gave me a flower and it was nice.

Miscellaneous-ii c) Simple- He gave me a flower. Complex - It was he who gave me a flower. d)Simple-You have heard the king named Lear. Complex- You have heard the king whose name was Lear. Compound- You have heard the king and his name was Lear.

Miscellaneous-iii e) Simple- I saw young man singing a song. Complex- I saw young man who was singing a song. Compound- I saw young and he was singing a song. f) Simple-Roni, a doctor, came to me yesterday. Complex- Roni who was a doctor came to me yesterday. Compound- Roni was a doctor and came to me yesterday.

Evaluation Transform the following the sentences as direction: a) Raj is not more than fifteen. (affirmative) b) Rabindranath , the fourteenth child, was the world poet. (complex) c) He was born in 1861. (compound) d) Everybody loves the child. (interrogative) e) He was so weak that he could not walk. (simple)

a)What are the words /phrases to be changed for transforming sentences ? b)What are the main features of simple, complex and compound ?