Welcome to Human Growth and Development Fall Session

Welcome to Human Growth and Development! Fall Session, 2012 Jenni Fauchier, Instructor

Agenda • Review of developmental theories • Group Activities: cohorts, if time

GRAND THEORIES IN PSYCHOLOGY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Psychoanalytic Theory Sigmund Freud: Psychosexual Stages -- early childhood experiences -- subconscious memories -- struggle between parts of the personality: id – pleasure-seeking ego – reality-oriented superego -- morality-based

Psychoanalytic Theory – Erikson: Psychosocial Stages -- social influences -- crises 8 stages : infancy through old age

Learning Theory (Behaviorism) Ivan Pavlov Classical Conditioning -- learning by association stimulus leads to response

Learning Theory (Behaviorism) – – IVAN PAVLOV -- LEARNING BY ASSOCIATION STIMULUS LEADS TO RESPONSE B. F. Skinner Operant Conditioning - learning by consequence response to get a stimulus

Learning Theory (Behaviorism) – IVAN PAVLOV -- LEARNING BY ASSOCIATION STIMULUS LEADS TO RESPONSE – B. F. SKINNER -- LEARNING BY CONSEQUENCE RESPONSE TO GET A STIMULUS – Albert Bandura -- Social Learning by imitation (modeling) observe stimulus response respond to get same stimulus

Cognitive Psychology –Jean Piaget cognitive development begins at birth –Proceeds in orderly stages

Cognitive Psychology – JEAN PIAGET COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT BEGINS AT BIRTH PROCEEDS IN ORDERLY STAGES – Noam Chomsky language development –Based Piagetian theory

Cognitive Psychology – JEAN PIAGET COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT BEGINS AT BIRTH PROCEEDS IN ORDERLY STAGES – NOAM CHOMSKY LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON PIAGETIAN THEORY – Lawrence Kohlberg moral development based on Piaget's concepts

Deterministic Theories • Psychoanalytic theory, cognitive theory and behaviorism are all somewhat deterministic theories • Something outside the individual’s control determines the course of development • Early childhood experience • Stimuli in the environment • Individuals with whom one interacts, etc.

Humanistic Psychology – The third wave – response to deterministic ideas – Abraham Maslow hierarchy of needs – Striving for self-actualization peak experiences

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

Humanistic Psychology – ABRAHAM MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS STRIVING FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION PEAK EXPERIENCES – Carl Rogers (development of self-concept) unconditional positive regard

Humanistic Psychology – ABRAHAM MASLOW HIERARCHY OF NEEDS STRIVING FOR SELF-ACTUALIZATION PEAK EXPERIENCES – CARL ROGERS UNCONDITIONAL POSITIVE REGARD – Free will, ability to change, positive attitude

Theories Generate Research And Are Strengthened By Good Studies.

Cohort Group Activity How one develops depends on the context in which they have the opportunity to develop.

Group Activity in Progress 10 minutes remaining • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • If your are an international student or naturalized citizen, tell us what form of government you had and what was going on in your homeland at the time of your birth…. . • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Group Activity in Progress 8 minutes remaining • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • If your are an international student or naturalized citizen, tell us what form of government you had and what was going on in your homeland at the time of your birth…. . • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Group Activity in Progress 6 minutes remaining • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • If your are an international student or naturalized citizen, tell us what form of government you had and what was going on in your homeland at the time of your birth…. . • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Group Activity in Progress 4 minutes remaining • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • If your are an international student or naturalized citizen, tell us what form of government you had and what was going on in your homeland at the time of your birth…. . • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Group Activity in Progress 2 minutes remaining • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • If your are an international student or naturalized citizen, tell us what form of government you had and what was going on in your homeland at the time of your birth…. . • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Summary Report Out of results now!

Report-out • Who was President when you were born? The first you remember? • Name some event that happened near the time of your birth? • What was your favorite TV show as a grade school child? • Who/what was a popular music group you remember as a teen?

Birth Cohort or Generational Effects • Different generations can have unique experiences – Your generation grew up with computers – 100 years ago people didn’t have radio – Your grand parents and/or great-grandparents may have lived through World War Two or the 1930 s Great Depression • When (and where) you were born could affect nutrition, sleeping arrangements, or your age at marriage • In cross-sectional studies or “one-shot”, cohort and aging effects may become entangled © 2009 Allyn & Bacon Publishers

• For next class – syllabus activity, if you did not submit it today • Research Methods • Read Chapters 1 – 2