WELCOME TO BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH

WELCOME TO BASIC ENGLISH GRAMMAR DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH CAMBRIAN COLLEGE

VOICE

By the end of this lesson you will learn: ●Definition of Voice ● Kinds of Voice ●Uses of auxiliaries according to tenses ●Changes of different sentences

DEFINITION Voice is the form of a verb which is used to say what people or things do or what is done to them.

KINDS 1. Active Voice 2. Passive Voice

Active Voice: Active voice is the form of a verb which is used to say what the subject does. Passive Voice: Passive voice is the form of a verb which is used to say what happens to the subject.

BASIC RULES OF VOICE ACTIVE PASSIVE SUBJECT OBJECT ●Auxiliaries according to tenses ●Past participle form of the principal verb ●by, at, with, in, to

EXAMPLE John S ate PV The cookies S were AV the cookies. OBJ eaten by PV PREP John. OBJ

PRESENT INDEFINITE TENSE am ● is ● are People of all ages enjoy cricket. Cricket is enjoyed by people of all ages.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE am being ● is being ● are being Puja is writing a letter. A letter is being written by Puja.

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE has been ● have been Rupom has broken the glass. The glass has been broken by Rupom.

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE has been being ● have been being ●Sabrina has been memorizing an essay. ●An essay has been being memorized by Sabrina.

PAST INDEFINITE TENSE was ● were ●Hira taught Panna English. ●Panna was taught English by Hira.

PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE was being ● were being ●They were making a noise. ●A noise was being made by them.

PAST PERFECT TENSE ad been ● You had finished the work. ●The work had been finished by you.

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE had been being ●Foisal had been drawing a picture. ●A picture had been being drawn by Foisal.

FUTURE INDEFINITE TENSE shall be ● will be ●Nitu will read the book. ●The book will be read by Nitu.

FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE shall be being ● will be being ●She will be cooking food. ●Food will be being cooked by her.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE shall have been ● will have been ●Tonima will have drawn the picture. ●The picture will have been drawn by Tonima.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE shall have been being ● will have been being Sanjida will have been writing an essay. An essay will have been being written by Sanjida.

●I saw the boys playing football. ●The boys were seen playing football by me. ●Was she not reading a novel? ●Was not a novel being read by him?

●I made him do the work. ●He was made to do the work by me. ●Call in a doctor. ●Let a doctor be called in.

●Panic seized the writer. ●The writer was seized with panic. ●Mehedi pleased us all. ●We all were pleased with Mehedi.

●Who has broken the glass? ●By whom has the glass been broken? ●What made you laugh? ●By what were you made to laugh?

QUASI PASSIVE VOICE ●Green mangoes taste sour. ●Green mangoes are sour when they are tasted.

●The lion is called the king of beasts. ●People call the lion the king of beasts. ●Health should be taken care of. ●One should take care of one’s health.

EVALUATION 1. What is the definition of Voice? 2. What do you mean by Active Voice ? 3. What do you mean by Passive Voice?

INDIVIDUAL WORK Turn into Passive ●He has done the work. ●Which book do you want? ●She had to do the work.

GROUP WORK Turn into Passive We want success. The bed feels soft.

HOME WORK Practise the exercises of voice given in your practice book.